Flecknell P A
Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons, European College of Veterinary Anesthesia, Comparative Biology Centre, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom.
Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2001 Jan;4(1):47-56, vi. doi: 10.1016/s1094-9194(17)30050-6.
Small mammals receive analgesics much less frequently than more familiar species such as dogs and cats. This is probably related to the greater difficulty of recognizing pain in these species, and the uncertainty as to the most appropriate analgesic regimen to implement when the presence of pain is suspected. However, the same principles of pain assessment and analgesic use that are applied when dealing with other companion animals can be used to manage pain effectively in small mammals. All of the commonly used analgesic agents can be used safely and effectively in small mammals, although the size of many of these animals limits the use of techniques such as epidural administration or transdermal drug delivery systems. As with other species, it is important to integrate an analgesic regimen with the overall scheme of perioperative care, and to try to implement preemptive and multi-modal analgesic therapy.
与狗和猫等更为常见的物种相比，小型哺乳动物接受镇痛药的频率要低得多。这可能与在这些物种中识别疼痛的难度更大有关，也与怀疑存在疼痛时实施最合适的镇痛方案的不确定性有关。然而，在处理其他伴侣动物时所应用的疼痛评估和镇痛使用的相同原则，可用于有效管理小型哺乳动物的疼痛。所有常用的镇痛剂都可在小型哺乳动物中安全有效地使用，尽管其中许多动物的体型限制了诸如硬膜外给药或透皮给药系统等技术的应用。与其他物种一样，将镇痛方案与围手术期护理的整体方案相结合，并尝试实施预防性和多模式镇痛治疗非常重要。
