Failde I, Gonzalez J L, Novalbos J P, Casais F, Marín J, Elorza J
Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cadiz, Spain.
Occup Med (Lond). 2000 Nov;50(8):591-6. doi: 10.1093/occmed/50.8.591.
To identify the individual and occupational factors that are predictors for low back pain among the employees of a university hospital in southern Spain.
A transverse study was conducted in which the population used was the hospital employees who volunteered to participate. The information was obtained by using a questionnaire, which included demographic and anthropometric variables, habits, characteristics of the work done, and of any pain experienced. The mental health condition of subjects was measured using the GHQ-28, using a score of > or = 6 as the cut-off point. To study the variables associated with pain, crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated (+/- 95% CI) and adjusted according to a logistic regression model.
One thousand one hundred and four subjects participated in the study but only 890 of these completed the questionnaire in full (rate of response, 35.7% of total employees). The population studied was notable for the high proportion of women, for subjects > 41 years of age, and subjects who undertook little or no physical exercise. In addition, according to the GHQ-28 test, 29.9% of the total were 'probable psychiatric cases'. The crude ORs were high in all the occupational categories in comparison with the doctors, with the exception of the maintenance, cleaning, and catering group. They were also higher among women, among subjects with poor mental health, and among women with one or more children. The adjusted ORs showed that having a GHQ-28 score of > or = 6, and belonging to the auxiliary technician category, were independent risk factors for suffering low back pain. Being older than 41 years and in temporary employment were protective variables.
The presence of probable mental illness is the variable most strongly associated with the presence of low back pain in the population studied. Its diagnostic confirmation and appropriate treatment could contribute to reducing the prevalence of vertebral pains in this occupational group.
确定西班牙南部一家大学医院员工中腰痛的个体因素和职业因素。
进行了一项横断面研究，研究对象为自愿参与的医院员工。通过问卷调查获取信息，问卷包括人口统计学和人体测量学变量、习惯、工作特征以及任何疼痛经历。使用GHQ-28量表测量受试者的心理健康状况，以≥6分为临界值。为研究与疼痛相关的变量，计算了粗比值比（OR）（±95%可信区间），并根据逻辑回归模型进行调整。
1104名受试者参与了研究，但其中只有890人完整填写了问卷（应答率为全体员工的35.7%）。所研究的人群以女性比例高、年龄>41岁以及很少或不进行体育锻炼的受试者为显著特征。此外，根据GHQ-28测试，总计29.9%为“可能的精神病例”。与医生相比，除维修、清洁和餐饮组外，所有职业类别的粗OR均较高。在女性、心理健康状况差的受试者以及有一个或多个孩子的女性中，粗OR也较高。调整后的OR显示，GHQ-28得分≥6分以及属于辅助技术人员类别是患腰痛的独立危险因素。年龄大于41岁和临时就业是保护变量。
在所研究的人群中，可能存在精神疾病是与腰痛存在最密切相关的变量。对其进行诊断确认和适当治疗可能有助于降低该职业群体中脊椎疼痛的患病率。
