Tickle J J, Sargent J D, Dalton M A, Beach M L, Heatherton T F
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
Tob Control. 2001 Mar;10(1):16-22. doi: 10.1136/tc.10.1.16.
To assess the relation between adolescents' favourite movie stars, the portrayal of tobacco use by those stars in contemporary motion pictures, and adolescent smoking.
632 students (sixth to 12th grade, ages 10-19 years) from five rural New England public schools completed a voluntary, self administered survey in October 1996. The survey assessed tobacco use, other variables associated with adolescent smoking, and favourite movie star. In addition, tobacco use by 43 selected movie stars was measured in films between 1994 and 1996.
Students were categorised into an ordinal five point index (tobacco status) based on their smoking behaviour and their smoking susceptibility: non-susceptible never smokers, susceptible never smokers, non-current experimenters, current experimenters, and smokers. We determined the adjusted cumulative odds of having advanced smoking status based on the amount of on-screen tobacco use by their favourite film star.
Of the 43 stars, 65% used tobacco at least once, and 42% portrayed smoking as an essential character trait in one or more films. Stars who smoked more than twice in a film were considered smokers. For adolescents whose favourite stars smoked in only one film, the odds of being higher on the smoking index was 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53 to 1.15). For adolescents whose favourite stars smoked in two films, the odds of being higher on the smoking index was 1.5 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.32). For adolescents whose favourite stars smoked in three or more films (Leonardo DiCaprio, Sharon Stone, John Travolta), the odds of being higher on the smoking index was 3.1 (95% CI 1.34 to 7.12). Among never smokers (n = 281), those who chose stars who were smokers in three or more films were much more likely to have favourable attitudes toward smoking (adjusted odds ratio 16.2, 95% CI 2.3 to 112).
Adolescents who choose movie stars who use tobacco on-screen are significantly more likely to have an advanced smoking status and more favourable attitudes toward smoking than adolescents who choose non-smoking stars. This finding supports the proposition that the portrayal of tobacco use in contemporary motion pictures, particularly by stars who are admired by adolescents, contributes to adolescent smoking.
评估青少年最喜欢的电影明星、这些明星在当代电影中对吸烟行为的刻画与青少年吸烟之间的关系。
1996年10月，来自新英格兰地区五所乡村公立学校的632名学生（六年级至十二年级，年龄10 - 19岁）完成了一项自愿的自我管理调查。该调查评估了吸烟情况、与青少年吸烟相关的其他变量以及最喜欢的电影明星。此外，还对1994年至1996年间43位选定电影明星在电影中的吸烟情况进行了测量。
根据学生的吸烟行为和吸烟易感性，将其分为一个五级有序指数（吸烟状况）：不易感从不吸烟者、易感从不吸烟者、非当前尝试吸烟者、当前尝试吸烟者和吸烟者。我们根据青少年最喜欢的电影明星在银幕上的吸烟量，确定了吸烟状况进展的调整累积比值。
在43位明星中，65%至少有一次吸烟行为，42%在一部或多部电影中将吸烟刻画为一个重要的性格特征。在一部电影中吸烟超过两次的明星被视为吸烟者。对于最喜欢的明星只在一部电影中吸烟的青少年，吸烟指数较高的几率为0.78（95%置信区间（CI）0.53至1.15）。对于最喜欢的明星在两部电影中吸烟的青少年，吸烟指数较高的几率为1.5（95%CI 1.01至2.32）。对于最喜欢的明星在三部或更多部电影中吸烟的青少年（莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥、莎朗·斯通、约翰·特拉沃尔塔），吸烟指数较高的几率为3.1（95%CI 1.34至7.12）。在从不吸烟者（n = 281）中，那些选择在三部或更多部电影中吸烟的明星的人对吸烟持更积极态度的可能性要大得多（调整后的优势比为16.2，95%CI 2.3至112）。
与选择不吸烟明星的青少年相比，选择在银幕上吸烟的电影明星的青少年吸烟状况更严重且对吸烟持更积极态度的可能性显著更高。这一发现支持了当代电影中对吸烟行为的刻画，尤其是受到青少年喜爱的明星的刻画，会导致青少年吸烟这一观点。
