Kricheldorf H R
Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Universitat Hamburg, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2001 Apr;43(1):49-54. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00323-4.
Polylactides can be prepared by direct polycondensation of lactic acid, or better, by ring-opening polymerization of cyclic dilactides (usually called lactides). These lactides exist in the form of four stereoisomers two of which (L,L- and rac. -D,L-) are technically produced in large quantities. These lactides can by polymerized via four different classes of initiators and reaction mechanisms. The characteristics mechanistic and preparative features of the cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization and of the coordination-insertion mechanism are described. Furthermore, copolymerizations of lactides with glycolide or epsilon-caprolactone and their analytical problems are discussed. Finally, a new type of wound dressing based on transparent are resorbable films of copolylactides is mentioned.
聚乳酸可以通过乳酸的直接缩聚制备，或者更好的方法是通过环状二聚乳酸（通常称为丙交酯）的开环聚合来制备。这些丙交酯以四种立体异构体的形式存在，其中两种（L,L-和外消旋-D,L-）在工业上大量生产。这些丙交酯可以通过四类不同的引发剂和反应机理进行聚合。描述了阳离子聚合、阴离子聚合和配位插入机理的特征性机理和制备特点。此外，还讨论了丙交酯与乙交酯或ε-己内酯的共聚反应及其分析问题。最后，提到了一种基于共聚乳酸透明可吸收膜的新型伤口敷料。
