Brown S A, Weih L M, Fu C L, Dimitrov P, Taylor H R, McCarty C A
Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2000 Dec;7(4):249-58.
The study aimed to describe the prevalence of amblyopia and associated refractive errors among an adult Australian population. The Visual Impairment Project (VIP) is a population-based study of age-related eye disease in the state of Victoria, Australia. Data were collected through standardised interviews and orthoptic and ophthalmic dilated examinations. Amblyopia was defined as best-corrected visual acuity of 6/9 or worse in the absence of any pathological cause. The participants were 3,265 urban residents and 1,456 rural residents of the VIP ranging in age from 40-92 years (mean = 59 years; 53% female). The prevalence of unilateral amblyopia was 3.06% (95% C.I. 2.59, 3.53). Amblyopia was not found to be statistically different by age group (p=0.096), gender (p=0.675), or place of birth (p=0.14). Anisometropia was statistically more common (p<0.001) in amblyopic cases (51.1%) compared to the normal population (9.7%), and 54% of amblyopic eyes had visual acuity of worse than 6/12. Amblyopia is a significant cause of unilateral reduced visual acuity in a population aged 40 years and older. Anisometropia was more prevalent and the degree of anisometropia was greater in the amblyopic group compared with the normal population. Oblique astigmatism was more prevalent in the amblyopic group compared with the normal population.
该研究旨在描述澳大利亚成年人群中弱视及相关屈光不正的患病率。视觉障碍项目（VIP）是一项针对澳大利亚维多利亚州年龄相关性眼病的基于人群的研究。数据通过标准化访谈以及斜视和眼科散瞳检查收集。弱视被定义为在无任何病理原因的情况下最佳矫正视力为6/9或更差。参与者为VIP的3265名城市居民和1456名农村居民，年龄在40 - 92岁之间（平均 = 59岁；女性占53%）。单侧弱视的患病率为3.06%（95%置信区间2.59, 3.53）。未发现弱视在年龄组（p = 0.096）、性别（p = 0.675）或出生地（p = 0.14）方面存在统计学差异。与正常人群（9.7%）相比，屈光参差在弱视病例中在统计学上更为常见（p < 0.001）（51.1%），且54%的弱视眼视力低于6/12。在40岁及以上人群中，弱视是单侧视力下降的一个重要原因。与正常人群相比，屈光参差在弱视组中更普遍，且屈光参差程度更大。与正常人群相比，斜向散光在弱视组中更普遍。
