Kochenderfer-Ladd B, Wardrop J L
Psychology Department, Illinois State University, Normal 61790-4620, USA.
Child Dev. 2001 Jan-Feb;72(1):134-51. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00270.
The present investigation was conducted to predict children's loneliness and social satisfaction growth curves from changes in their peer victimization status. Toward this aim, 388 children (193 boys, 195 girls) were interviewed at five points: as children entered kindergarten (in the fall) and spring of kindergarten through third grade. At each assessment, data were gathered on the frequency of children's peer victimization and degree of loneliness and social satisfaction. Groups were formed on the basis of timing and duration of children's victimization status. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to test several hypotheses regarding the nature of victimized children's growth curves. For instance, consistent with the Onset Hypothesis, the trajectories that emerged for children who moved from nonvictim to victim classification showed increasing levels of loneliness and decreasing social satisfaction. In contrast, findings for the Cessation Hypothesis were mixed, which suggests that children moving from victim to nonvictim status do not necessarily evidence significant improvements in loneliness or social satisfaction. The somewhat disparate trajectories that emerged for loneliness and social satisfaction are discussed.
本研究旨在通过儿童同伴受害状况的变化来预测其孤独感和社会满意度的增长曲线。为此，对388名儿童（193名男孩，195名女孩）进行了五次访谈：分别是儿童进入幼儿园（秋季）时、幼儿园春季至三年级期间。每次评估时，收集有关儿童同伴受害频率以及孤独感和社会满意度程度的数据。根据儿童受害状况的时间和持续时间进行分组。采用分层线性模型来检验关于受害儿童成长曲线性质的几个假设。例如，与起始假设一致，从不受害转变为受害类别的儿童所呈现的轨迹显示出孤独感增加，社会满意度下降。相比之下，关于终止假设的研究结果喜忧参半，这表明从受害状态转变为非受害状态的儿童在孤独感或社会满意度方面不一定有显著改善。文中讨论了孤独感和社会满意度所呈现出的有些不同的轨迹。
