Lopez H W, Levrat-Verny M A, Coudray C, Besson C, Krespine V, Messager A, Demigné C, Rémésy C
Unité de Laboratoire pour l'Innovation dans les Céréales, ZAC Les Portes de Riom, BP 173, F-63204 Riom, France.
J Nutr. 2001 Apr;131(4):1283-9. doi: 10.1093/jn/131.4.1283.
The effects of raw potato starch (RPS) and high amylose corn starch (HAS) on cecal digestion, lipid metabolism and mineral utilization (Ca and Mg) were compared in rats adapted to semipurified diets. The diets provided either 710 g wheat starch/100 g diet (control) alone or 510 g wheat starch/100 g diet plus 200 g resistant starch/100 g (RPS or HAS). Compared with rats fed the control diet, significant cecal hypertrophy (240% after 7 d of the fiber consumption) and short-chain fatty acids accumulation (especially propionic and butyric acids) occurred after both resistant starch diets. Apparent Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu absorptions were similarly enhanced by RPS and HAS (50, 50, 27, 21 and 90%, respectively). Cholesterol absorption was reduced to 14% of intake in rats fed RPS or HAS compared with 47% absorption in control rats. RPS and HAS were also effective in lowering plasma cholesterol (-31 and -27%, respectively) and triglycerides (-28 and -22%, respectively). There was no effect of the diets on cholesterol in d > 1.040 kg/L lipoproteins (HDL), whereas RPS and HAS depressed cholesterol in d < 1.040 kg/L lipoproteins (especially in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins). Moreover, there were lower concentrations of cholesterol (-50 and -40%, respectively) and triglycerides (-53 and -47%, respectively) in the livers of RPS- and HAS-fed rats. Thus, RPS and HAS have similar effects on intestinal fermentation, mineral utilization and cholesterol metabolism in rats.
在适应半纯化日粮的大鼠中，比较了生马铃薯淀粉（RPS）和高直链玉米淀粉（HAS）对盲肠消化、脂质代谢和矿物质利用（钙和镁）的影响。日粮分别单独提供710 g小麦淀粉/100 g日粮（对照），或510 g小麦淀粉/100 g日粮加200 g抗性淀粉/100 g（RPS或HAS）。与喂食对照日粮的大鼠相比，两种抗性淀粉日粮后均出现明显的盲肠肥大（纤维消耗7 d后增加240%）和短链脂肪酸积累（尤其是丙酸和丁酸）。RPS和HAS同样增强了钙、镁、锌、铁和铜的表观吸收（分别为50%、50%、27%、21%和90%）。与对照大鼠47%的吸收率相比，喂食RPS或HAS的大鼠胆固醇吸收率降至摄入量的14%。RPS和HAS在降低血浆胆固醇（分别为-31%和-27%）和甘油三酯（分别为-28%和-22%）方面也很有效。日粮对密度>1.040 kg/L脂蛋白（HDL）中的胆固醇没有影响，而RPS和HAS降低了密度<1.040 kg/L脂蛋白中的胆固醇（尤其是富含甘油三酯的脂蛋白）。此外，喂食RPS和HAS的大鼠肝脏中胆固醇（分别为-50%和-40%）和甘油三酯（分别为-53%和-47%）的浓度较低。因此，RPS和HAS对大鼠的肠道发酵、矿物质利用和胆固醇代谢具有相似的影响。
