Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
PLoS One. 2022 May 16;17(5):e0267318. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267318. eCollection 2022.
The increase in consumer demand for high-quality food products has led to growth in the use of new technologies and ingredients. Resistant starch (RS) is a recently recognised source of fibre and has received much attention for its potential health benefits and functional properties. However, knowledge about the fate of RS in modulating complex intestinal communities, the microbial members involved in its degradation, enhancement of microbial metabolites, and its functional role in body physiology is still limited. For this purpose, the current study was designed to ratify the physiological and functional health benefits of enzymatically prepared resistant starch (EM-RSIII) from maize flour. To approve the beneficial health effects as prebiotic, EM-RSIII was supplemented in rat diets. After 21 days of the experiment, EM-RSIII fed rats showed a significant reduction in body weight gain, fecal pH, glycemic response, serum lipid profile, insulin level and reshaping gut microbiota, and enhancing short-chain fatty acid compared to control. The count of butyrate-producing and starch utilizing bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus genus in rat's gut, elevated after the consumption of medium and high doses of EM-RSIII, while the E. coli completely suppressed in high EM-RSIII fed rats. Short-chain fatty acids precisely increased in feces of EM-RSIII feed rats. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the effect of butyrate on functional and physiological alteration on the body had been investigated during the current study. Conclusively, the present study demonstrated the unprecedented effect of utilising EM-RSIII as a diet on body physiology and redesigning gut microorganisms.
消费者对高质量食品产品的需求不断增加，推动了新技术和新成分的应用。抗性淀粉（RS）是一种最近被认可的膳食纤维来源，因其潜在的健康益处和功能特性而备受关注。然而，关于 RS 如何调节复杂的肠道群落、参与其降解的微生物成员、增强微生物代谢物以及其在人体生理学中的功能作用的知识仍然有限。为此，本研究旨在从玉米粉中验证酶法制备的抗性淀粉（EM-RSIII）的生理和功能健康益处。为了证实其作为益生元的有益健康效果，将 EM-RSIII 添加到大鼠饮食中。实验进行 21 天后，与对照组相比，EM-RSIII 喂养的大鼠体重增加明显减少，粪便 pH 值、血糖反应、血清脂质谱、胰岛素水平和肠道微生物群发生重塑，短链脂肪酸增加。大鼠肠道中产生丁酸盐和利用淀粉的细菌，如乳杆菌属、肠球菌属和肠球菌属的数量在中高剂量 EM-RSIII 消耗后增加，而高剂量 EM-RSIII 喂养的大鼠中大肠杆菌完全受到抑制。短链脂肪酸在 EM-RSIII 喂养大鼠的粪便中精确增加。相关性分析表明，在本研究中研究了丁酸对身体功能和生理变化的影响。总之，本研究证明了将 EM-RSIII 作为饮食来调节身体生理学和重新设计肠道微生物的前所未有的效果。
