Frenzilli G, Bosco E, Antonelli A, Panasiuk G, Barale R
Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Uomo e dell'Ambiente, Università di Pisa, via S. Giuseppe 22, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
Mutat Res. 2001 Apr 5;491(1-2):139-49. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5718(01)00136-x.
Using the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay, the extent of DNA damage was evaluated in leukocytes of 43 Belarussian children (16 healthy and 27 affected by thyroid cancer). Thirty-nine healthy children from Pisa (Italy) were enrolled in the study as controls. In addition to basal levels of DNA damage, leukocytes were treated in vitro with bleomycin (BLM), a radiomimetic drug, to evaluate a possible adaptive response in different groups of children. Results with the Comet assay indicated an increased level of DNA damage (P=0.037) in leukocytes of Belarussian children compared to the Italian control group. In addition, within the Belarus group, lower basal levels of DNA damage (P<0.001) were found in children with cancer compared to healthy children. Tumor affected children were living in less radiocontaminated areas (P<0.04) than the healthy children and there was a significant relationship (P=0.03) between the amount of environmental radiocontamination and DNA damage in leukocytes. There were no differences in the sensitivity of leukocytes from different groups of children to BLM, indicating the absence of an adaptive response. The lack of an adaptive response may have been due to the use of noncycling cells and/or the bleomycin dose chosen. Tests for the presence of clastogenic factors (CF) in the blood serum of children showed that 39% of the tumor affected children and 19% of the healthy children in the exposed group were positive as compared to the Italian control group (0%) (Chi-square test, P<0.04). The higher levels of genomic damage in children evaluated 10 years after the Chernobyl disaster could be related to the increased incidence of individuals with CF.
采用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳（彗星试验），评估了43名白俄罗斯儿童（16名健康儿童和27名甲状腺癌患儿）白细胞中的DNA损伤程度。39名来自意大利比萨的健康儿童作为对照纳入研究。除了DNA损伤的基础水平外，还在体外用博来霉素（BLM）（一种放射模拟药物）处理白细胞，以评估不同组儿童中可能存在的适应性反应。彗星试验结果表明，与意大利对照组相比，白俄罗斯儿童白细胞中的DNA损伤水平有所增加（P = 0.037）。此外，在白俄罗斯组内，与健康儿童相比，癌症患儿的DNA损伤基础水平较低（P < 0.001）。肿瘤患儿居住的地区放射性污染程度低于健康儿童（P < 0.04），并且环境放射性污染量与白细胞中的DNA损伤之间存在显著关系（P = 0.03）。不同组儿童的白细胞对博来霉素的敏感性没有差异，表明不存在适应性反应。缺乏适应性反应可能是由于使用了非循环细胞和/或所选择的博来霉素剂量。对儿童血清中致断裂因子（CF）的检测表明，与意大利对照组（0%）相比，暴露组中39%的肿瘤患儿和19%的健康儿童呈阳性（卡方检验，P < 0.04）。切尔诺贝利灾难10年后评估的儿童中较高水平的基因组损伤可能与携带CF个体的发病率增加有关。
