Roth L K, Taylor H S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Apr;184(5):934-9. doi: 10.1067/mob.2001.112103.
Our aim was to assess the knowledge of women regarding the gender-specific health risks associated with smoking.
A cross-sectional survey was given to 388 female hospital employees. Knowledge of smoking-related illnesses that are specific to women was assessed. Regression analysis was used to discern potential predictors of this knowledge.
Most women are aware that smoking causes respiratory disease (99%), lung cancer (99%), heart disease (96%), and pregnancy complications (91%). Few women are aware of the health risks of smoking that are specific to women, such as infertility (22%), osteoporosis (30%), early menopause (17%), spontaneous abortion (39%), ectopic pregnancy (27%), and cervical cancer (24%). Knowledge of these health risks was not predicted by age, education, or smoking status. Health care professionals were no more likely than other women to have knowledge of these risks.
Most women are unaware of the health risks specific to women from smoking. Even female health care professionals do not generally have greater knowledge of these conditions. Further public health measures are necessary to increase knowledge of smoking risks that may be particularly relevant to women. This increase in knowledge has the potential to reduce significantly the smoking-related illnesses in women.
我们的目的是评估女性对与吸烟相关的特定性别健康风险的了解情况。
对388名女性医院员工进行了横断面调查。评估了女性对特定于女性的吸烟相关疾病的了解情况。采用回归分析来识别这种了解情况的潜在预测因素。
大多数女性知道吸烟会导致呼吸系统疾病（99%）、肺癌（99%）、心脏病（96%）和妊娠并发症（91%）。很少有女性知道特定于女性的吸烟健康风险，如不孕症（22%）、骨质疏松症（30%）、过早绝经（17%）、自然流产（39%）、宫外孕（27%）和宫颈癌（24%）。年龄、教育程度或吸烟状况并不能预测对这些健康风险的了解情况。医疗保健专业人员了解这些风险的可能性并不比其他女性更高。
大多数女性不知道吸烟对女性的特定健康风险。即使是女性医疗保健专业人员通常也对这些情况了解不多。有必要采取进一步的公共卫生措施来提高对可能与女性特别相关的吸烟风险的认识。这种认识的提高有可能显著降低女性中与吸烟相关的疾病。
