Engelien A, Stern E, Silbersweig D
Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2001 Feb;23(1):94-120. doi: 10.1076/jcen.23.1.94.1219.
Auditory sensory processing in the human cerebral cortex is disturbed in several neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, ranging from devastating perceptual deficits in neuropsychological syndromes such as cortical deafness and auditory agnosia to the problem of involuntary hallucinatory perception in schizophrenia. With modern non-invasive functional imaging techniques (e.g., PET, fMRI, and MEG), the normal auditory cortical functional anatomy can now be studied in humans in vivo, as well as its disruption in pathological conditions. This article will summarize current knowledge on human central auditory perception in health and disease, with an emphasis on recent functional neuroimaging studies, in the context of clinical and basic neuroscientific knowledge. New strategies include a focus on the role of other, non-temporal brain areas for auditory processing, particularly in the frontal lobes, and the combined use of techniques offering both precise spatial and temporal resolution. One step towards this goal has been the recent development of a silent, event-related fMRI scanning technique.
在多种神经和神经精神疾病中，人类大脑皮层的听觉感觉处理会受到干扰，范围从神经心理综合征（如皮质聋和听觉失认症）中严重的感知缺陷到精神分裂症中不由自主的幻觉感知问题。借助现代非侵入性功能成像技术（如正电子发射断层扫描、功能磁共振成像和脑磁图），现在可以在人体活体中研究正常的听觉皮层功能解剖结构，以及其在病理状态下的破坏情况。本文将总结关于健康和疾病状态下人类中枢听觉感知的当前知识，重点是近期的功能神经成像研究，并结合临床和基础神经科学知识。新策略包括关注其他非颞叶脑区在听觉处理中的作用，特别是额叶，以及结合使用提供精确空间和时间分辨率的技术。朝着这一目标迈出的一步是最近开发的一种无声、与事件相关的功能磁共振成像扫描技术。
