Hertwich E G, Mateles S F, Pease W S, McKone T E
Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3050, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Apr;20(4):928-39.
The human toxicity potential (HTP), a calculated index that reflects the potential harm of a unit of chemical released into the environment, is based on both the inherent toxicity of a compound and its potential dose. It is used to weight emissions inventoried as part of a life-cycle assessment (LCA) or in the toxics release inventory (TRI) and to aggregate emissions in terms of a reference compound. Total emissions can be evaluated in terms of benzene equivalence (carcinogens) and toluene equivalents (noncarcinogens). The potential dose is calculated using a generic fate and exposure model, CalTOX, which determines the distribution of a chemical in a model environment and accounts for a number of exposure routes, including inhalation, ingestion of produce, fish, and meat, and dermal contact with water and soil. Toxicity is represented by the cancer potency q1* for carcinogens and the safe dose (RfD, RfC) for noncarcinogens. This article presents cancer and noncancer HTP values for air and surface-water emissions of 330 compounds. This list covers 258 chemicals listed in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency TRI, or 79 weight-% of the TRI releases to air reported in 1997.
人体毒性潜力（HTP）是一个计算得出的指标，反映释放到环境中的单位化学品的潜在危害，它基于化合物的固有毒性及其潜在剂量。它用于对作为生命周期评估（LCA）一部分编制的排放清单或有毒物质排放清单（TRI）中的排放进行加权，并根据参考化合物汇总排放。总排放可以根据苯当量（致癌物）和甲苯当量（非致癌物）进行评估。潜在剂量使用通用的归宿和暴露模型CalTOX进行计算，该模型确定化学品在模型环境中的分布，并考虑多种暴露途径，包括吸入、摄入农产品、鱼类和肉类，以及皮肤接触水和土壤。毒性由致癌物的致癌效力q1*和非致癌物的安全剂量（RfD、RfC）表示。本文给出了330种化合物空气和地表水排放的癌症和非癌症HTP值。该清单涵盖了美国环境保护局TRI中列出的258种化学品，占1997年报告的TRI向空气中排放总量的79重量%。
