Busnello R G, Melchior R, Faccin C, Vettori D, Petter J, Moreira L B, Fuchs F D
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, 90460-040, Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2001 May;76(5):349-54. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2001000500001.
To determine the characteristics associated with the dropout of patients followed up in a Brazilian out patient clinic specializing in hypertension.
Planned prospective cohort study of patients who were prescribed an antihypertensive treatment after an extensive initial evaluation. The following parameters were analyzed: sex, age, educational level, duration of disease, pressure level used for classifying the patient, previous treatment, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, familial history of hypertension, and lesion in a target organ.
We studied 945 hypertensive patients, 533 (56%) of whom dropped out of the follow-up. The mean age was 52.3+/-12.9 years. The highest probabilities of dropout of the follow-up were associated with current smoking, relative risk of 1.46 (1.04-2.06); educational level equal to or below 5 years of schooling, relative risk of 1.52 (1.11-2.08); and hypertension duration below 5 years, relative risk of 1.78 (1.28-2.48). Age increase was associated with a higher probability of follow-up with a relative risk of 0.98 (0.97-0.99).
We identified a group at risk for dropping out the follow-up, which comprised patients with a lower educational level, a recent diagnosis of hypertension, and who were smokers. We think that measures assuring adherence to treatment should be directed to this group of patients.
确定在巴西一家高血压专科门诊接受随访的患者失访的相关特征。
对经过全面初始评估后接受抗高血压治疗的患者进行前瞻性队列研究。分析了以下参数：性别、年龄、教育水平、病程、用于对患者进行分类的血压水平、既往治疗、体力活动、吸烟、饮酒、高血压家族史以及靶器官病变。
我们研究了945例高血压患者，其中533例（56%）失访。平均年龄为52.3±12.9岁。随访失访概率最高与当前吸烟相关，相对风险为1.46（1.04 - 2.06）；教育水平等于或低于5年学校教育，相对风险为1.52（1.11 - 2.08）；高血压病程低于5年，相对风险为1.78（1.28 - 2.48）。年龄增加与随访概率较高相关，相对风险为0.98（0.97 - 0.99）。
我们确定了一组有失访风险的人群，包括教育水平较低、近期诊断为高血压且吸烟的患者。我们认为确保治疗依从性的措施应针对这组患者。
