Glanz K, Maddock J E, Lew R A, Murakami-Akatsuka L
Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Jun;44(6):973-8. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2001.113466.
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States and one of the most preventable. Prevention programs for children at outdoor recreation sites may influence not only the youth, but the staff, or caregivers, as well. By teaching children about sun protection, staff may also change their sun protection behaviors.
We report on the impact of a childhood skin cancer prevention program (SunSmart) on staff at outdoor recreation sites where a child-focused intervention was conducted.
The intervention included staff training, on-site activities delivered by staff, distribution of sunscreen, and the promotion of sun-safe environments. It was hypothesized that by teaching children about sun protection, staff would change their sun protection behaviors. A randomized trial at 14 recreation sites (n = 176 staff) in Hawaii tested the efficacy of education only, and education plus environmental changes, compared with a control condition.
Results showed significant positive changes in knowledge, sun protection habits, norms, and sun protection policies. The education plus environment group was not superior to education alone.
Changes in staff behavior and attitudes are important for their own health, as positive role models, and for the dissemination of skin cancer control programs.
皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症形式之一，也是最可预防的癌症之一。针对户外游乐场所儿童的预防项目不仅可能影响青少年，还可能影响工作人员或照顾者。通过教导儿童防晒知识，工作人员自身的防晒行为也可能发生改变。
我们报告了一项儿童皮肤癌预防项目（阳光智慧）对开展了以儿童为重点干预措施的户外游乐场所工作人员的影响。
干预措施包括工作人员培训、工作人员开展的现场活动、防晒霜分发以及促进阳光安全环境。研究假设是，通过教导儿童防晒知识，工作人员会改变他们的防晒行为。在夏威夷的14个游乐场所（n = 176名工作人员）进行的一项随机试验，测试了仅教育以及教育加环境改变与对照条件相比的效果。
结果显示，在知识、防晒习惯、规范和防晒政策方面有显著的积极变化。教育加环境组并不优于仅教育组。
工作人员行为和态度的改变对他们自身的健康很重要，作为积极的榜样，也对皮肤癌控制项目的传播很重要。
