Pasupathi M, Staudinger U M, Baltes P B
Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Dev Psychol. 2001 May;37(3):351-61.
The present study examined adolescents' wisdom-related knowledge and judgment with a heterogeneous sample of 146 adolescents (ages 14-20 years) and a comparison sample of 58 young adults (ages 21-37 years). Participants responded to difficult and ill-defined life dilemmas; expert raters evaluated these responses along 5 wisdom criteria. Our findings confirmed that in contrast to adulthood, adolescence is a major period for normative age-graded development in knowledge about difficult life problems. Adolescents performed at lower levels than young adults but also demonstrated substantial age increments in performance. As expected, adolescents' performance varied as a function of criterion and gender. These results hold implications for research on adolescent development and for the development of wisdom-related knowledge and judgment.
本研究以146名青少年（年龄在14至20岁之间）的异质样本和58名青年（年龄在21至37岁之间）的对照样本，考察了青少年与智慧相关的知识和判断力。参与者对困难且定义不明确的生活困境做出回应；专家评分者根据5项智慧标准对这些回应进行评估。我们的研究结果证实，与成年期相比，青春期是关于困难生活问题的知识规范年龄分级发展的主要时期。青少年的表现低于青年，但也表现出显著的年龄增长。正如预期的那样，青少年的表现因标准和性别而异。这些结果对青少年发展研究以及与智慧相关的知识和判断力的发展具有启示意义。
