Glück Judith, Baltes Paul B
Department of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Psychol Aging. 2006 Dec;21(4):679-90. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.4.679.
In this study, the authors explored whether wisdom-related performance could be enhanced by an instruction referring to the abstract concept of wisdom ("try to give a wise response"). The authors used three levels of activation of the concept of wisdom as well as intelligence-activation and control conditions in a heterogeneous sample of three age groups (N = 318). Results showed no general effect of the wisdom-concept instructions but did show an aptitude (resource) treatment interaction: Participants high in preparedness resources associated with wisdom exhibited some gains, whereas the performance of resource-low participants actually declined after the instruction. Implications and consequences with respect to ways of enhancing the expression of wisdom-related knowledge are discussed.
在本研究中，作者探讨了提及智慧抽象概念的指令（“尝试给出明智的回答”）是否能够提高与智慧相关的表现。作者在三个年龄组的异质样本（N = 318）中使用了三种智慧概念激活水平以及智力激活和控制条件。结果显示，智慧概念指令没有产生普遍影响，但确实显示出一种能力（资源）与处理方式的交互作用：与智慧相关的准备资源丰富的参与者表现出一定的提升，而资源匮乏的参与者在接受指令后表现实际上下降了。本文讨论了关于增强智慧相关知识表达方法的影响和后果。
