Glück Judith, Jäger Luisa, Auer-Spath Irina, Harbig Imke Alenka
Department of Psychology, University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
Gerontologist. 2024 Dec 13;65(1). doi: 10.1093/geront/gnae126.
This paper draws on wisdom and lifespan development research to propose a conception of "wise aging," which may become particularly relevant in very old age as people's capacities for successful aging decline. We propose that 3 types of balance distinguish wise aging from successful aging. First, wisdom balances one's own interest with the greater good, emphasizing self-transcendence and compassion. Second, wisdom balances control striving with acceptance of uncontrollability. Wise aging involves a realistic awareness of one's decreasing levels of control and one's interconnectedness to and dependence on other people. Third, wisdom acknowledges, regulates, and balances positive and negative affect. Wise aging involves the ability to appreciate and relish the joys of life, but also to accept and embrace more negative emotions and to support others going through different times.
本文借鉴智慧和毕生发展研究，提出了“智慧老龄化”的概念，随着人们成功老龄化能力的下降，这一概念在高龄阶段可能会变得尤为重要。我们认为，三种平衡类型将智慧老龄化与成功老龄化区分开来。第一，智慧将个人利益与更大的利益相平衡，强调自我超越和同情心。第二，智慧将追求控制与接受不可控性相平衡。智慧老龄化涉及对自身控制水平下降以及与他人的相互联系和依赖的现实认识。第三，智慧承认、调节并平衡积极和消极情绪。智慧老龄化涉及欣赏和享受生活乐趣的能力，同时也包括接受和包容更多负面情绪，并支持他人度过不同时期的能力。
