Leeuwenburgh C, Heinecke J W
Center for Exercise Science, Aging Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Curr Med Chem. 2001 Jun;8(7):829-38. doi: 10.2174/0929867013372896.
Increased aerobic metabolism during exercise is a potential source of oxidative stress. In muscle, mitochondria are one important source of reactive intermediates that include superoxide (O2*-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and possibly hydroxyl radical (HO*). The recent discovery that mitochondria may generate nitric oxide (NO*) also has implications for oxidant production and mitochondrial function. In this review, we critically examine the concept that production of reactive intermediates increases during exercise. Because the health benefits of regular exercise are well-documented, we also examine adaptations to exercise that may decrease oxidative stress. These include increased antioxidant defenses, reduced basal production of oxidants, and reduction of radical leak during oxidative phosphorylation.
运动期间有氧代谢增加是氧化应激的一个潜在来源。在肌肉中，线粒体是反应性中间体的一个重要来源，这些中间体包括超氧阴离子（O2*-）、过氧化氢（H2O2），可能还包括羟基自由基（HO*）。线粒体可能产生一氧化氮（NO*）这一最新发现也对氧化剂生成和线粒体功能有影响。在本综述中，我们批判性地审视了运动期间反应性中间体生成增加这一概念。由于经常运动对健康的益处已有充分记录，我们还研究了可能降低氧化应激的运动适应性。这些适应性包括抗氧化防御增强、氧化剂基础生成减少以及氧化磷酸化过程中自由基泄漏减少。
