MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001 Jun 29;50(25):532-7.
Annual influenza epidemics have resulted in an average of >18,000 deaths and 48,000 pneumonia and influenza hospitalizations among older persons in the United States (1). In 1998, an estimated 3400 older persons died from bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, a common complication of influenza, or from other forms of invasive pneumococcal disease (2 ). A 2000 national health objective included increasing influenza and pneumococcal vaccination levels to > or = 60% among noninstitutionalized, high-risk persons, including those aged > or = 65 years (3). To assess progress toward this objective, data were analyzed from the 1999 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for persons aged > or = 65 years. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that prevalence of influenza vaccination during the 1998-99 influenza season exceeded the objective nationally and in 48 of 52 reporting areas; however, influenza vaccination levels may have reached a plateau. Prevalence among older persons who had ever received pneumococcal vaccination exceeded the national objective in only eight states. To reach the 2010 national objective of > or = 90% influenza and pneumococcal vaccination among this population, new strategies and additional resources to implement adult vaccination activities may be needed.
在美国，每年的流感流行平均导致18000多名老年人死亡，以及48000例肺炎和流感相关住院病例（1）。1998年，估计有3400名老年人死于流感常见并发症——菌血症性肺炎球菌肺炎或其他形式的侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病（2）。2000年的一项国家卫生目标是，将包括65岁及以上人群在内的非机构化高危人群的流感和肺炎球菌疫苗接种率提高到60%及以上（3）。为评估在实现这一目标方面取得的进展，对1999年行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）中65岁及以上人群的数据进行了分析。本报告总结了该分析结果，结果表明，1998 - 1999年流感季节流感疫苗接种率在全国以及52个报告地区中的48个地区超过了目标；然而，流感疫苗接种率可能已达到平稳状态。曾经接种过肺炎球菌疫苗的老年人中，只有八个州的接种率超过了国家目标。为实现2010年该人群流感和肺炎球菌疫苗接种率达到90%及以上的国家目标，可能需要新的策略和更多资源来开展成人疫苗接种活动。
