厄瓜多尔亚马逊盆地油田附近的暴露情况与癌症发病率
Exposures and cancer incidence near oil fields in the Amazon basin of Ecuador.
作者信息
San Sebastián M, Armstrong B, Córdoba J A, Stephens C
机构信息
Instituto de Epidemiología y Salud Comunitaria "Manuel Amunárriz", Apdo 17-10-7410, Quito, Ecuador.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2001 Aug;58(8):517-22. doi: 10.1136/oem.58.8.517.
OBJECTIVES
To examine environmental exposure and incidence and mortality of cancer in the village of San Carlos surrounded by oil fields in the Amazon basin of Ecuador.
METHODS
Water samples of the local streams were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). A preliminary list of potential cancer cases from 1989 to 1998 was prepared. Cases were compared with expected numbers of cancer morbidity and mortality registrations from a Quito reference population.
RESULTS
Water analysis showed severe exposure to TPHs by the residents. Ten patients with cancer were diagnosed while resident in the village of San Carlos. An overall excess for all types of cancer was found in the male population (8 observed v 3.5 expected) with a risk 2.26 times higher than expected (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.97 to 4.46). There was an overall excess of deaths for all types of cancer (6 v 1.6 expected) among the male population 3.6 times higher than the reference population (95% CI 1.31 to 7.81).
CONCLUSIONS
The observed excess of cancer might be associated with the pollution of the environment by toxic contaminants coming from the oil production.
目的
研究厄瓜多尔亚马逊盆地油田周边圣卡洛斯村的环境暴露情况以及癌症的发病率和死亡率。
方法
对当地溪流的水样进行总石油烃（TPHs）分析。编制了1989年至1998年潜在癌症病例的初步清单。将这些病例与基多参考人群的癌症发病和死亡登记预期数量进行比较。
结果
水质分析表明居民受到严重的总石油烃暴露。有10名癌症患者在圣卡洛斯村居住期间被诊断出来。在男性人群中发现所有类型癌症总体上有超额情况（观察到8例，预期3.5例），风险比预期高2.26倍（95%置信区间（95%CI）0.97至4.46）。在男性人群中所有类型癌症的死亡总体上有超额情况（观察到6例，预期1.6例），比参考人群高3.6倍（95%CI 1.31至7.81）。
结论
观察到的癌症超额情况可能与石油生产产生的有毒污染物对环境的污染有关。
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