Ryan H, Wortley P M, Easton A, Pederson L, Greenwood G
Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3717, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2001 Aug;21(2):142-9. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00331-2.
To collect estimates of smoking prevalence among lesbian, gay, and bisexual people from the published literature and to compare with general population estimates.
Databases were searched for all studies published in English on tobacco use among lesbians, gays, and bisexuals. From 1987 through 2000, twelve studies were identified (four youth, eight adult): seven were based on convenience samples; one on a population-based probability sample; one involved random sampling within selected census tracts; one was based on a large multicenter clinical trial; and two were representative school-based samples. Study findings were compared to national survey data from the corresponding time period.
Estimated smoking rates for lesbians, gays, and bisexuals ranged from 38% to 59% among youth and from 11% to 50% among adults. National smoking rates during comparable periods ranged from 28% to 35% for adolescents and were approximately 28% for adults.
While information in the published literature is limited, it appears that smoking rates are higher among adolescent and adult lesbians, gays, and bisexuals than in the general population. Steps should be taken to ensure representation of lesbians, gays, and bisexuals in tobacco-use surveillance and to collect data in order to understand the apparent high smoking rates in these groups. Attempts should be made to target prevention and cessation interventions to lesbians, gays, and bisexuals.
从已发表的文献中收集女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者吸烟率的估计数据，并与一般人群的估计数据进行比较。
检索数据库，查找所有用英文发表的关于女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者烟草使用情况的研究。从1987年到2000年，共识别出12项研究（4项针对青少年，8项针对成年人）：7项基于便利样本；1项基于人群概率样本；1项涉及在选定普查区进行随机抽样；1项基于大型多中心临床试验；2项是具有代表性的基于学校的样本。将研究结果与相应时间段的全国调查数据进行比较。
女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者的吸烟率估计在青少年中为38%至59%，在成年人中为11%至50%。同期全国青少年吸烟率在28%至35%之间，成年人约为28%。
虽然已发表文献中的信息有限，但青少年和成年女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者的吸烟率似乎高于一般人群。应采取措施确保女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者在烟草使用监测中的代表性，并收集数据以了解这些群体中明显较高的吸烟率。应尝试针对女同性恋者、男同性恋者和双性恋者开展预防和戒烟干预措施。
