Vila M, Jackson-Lewis V, Guégan C, Wu D C, Teismann P, Choi D K, Tieu K, Przedborski S
Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2001 Aug;14(4):483-9. doi: 10.1097/00019052-200108000-00009.
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The loss of these neurons is associated with a glial response composed mainly of activated microglial cells and, to a lesser extent, of reactive astrocytes. This glial response may be the source of trophic factors and can protect against reactive oxygen species and glutamate. Aside from these beneficial effects, the glial response can mediate a variety of deleterious events related to the production of reactive species, and pro-inflammatory prostaglandin and cytokines. This article reviews the potential protective and deleterious effects of glial cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinson's disease.
帕金森病是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其特征是黑质致密部多巴胺能神经元逐渐丧失。这些神经元的丧失与主要由活化的小胶质细胞以及程度较轻的反应性星形胶质细胞组成的胶质反应相关。这种胶质反应可能是营养因子的来源，并能抵御活性氧和谷氨酸。除了这些有益作用外，胶质反应还可介导与活性物质、促炎前列腺素和细胞因子产生相关的多种有害事件。本文综述了帕金森病黑质致密部胶质细胞的潜在保护作用和有害作用。
