Kanaley J A, Weatherup-Dentes M M, Alvarado C R, Whitehead G
Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, NY 13244, USA.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2001 Jul;85(1-2):68-73. doi: 10.1007/s004210100404.
The purpose of this study was to examine the rates of substrate oxidation in lean and obese women during short-duration, high-intensity exercise and to examine the effects of a 16-week exercise training program on substrate oxidation during 30 min of exercise in lean and obese individuals. Fat and carbohydrate oxidation were measured in 8 non-obese (Non-Ob), 11 lower-body obese (LBO) and 12 upper-body obese (UBO) women at rest and during 30 min of treadmill exercise at 70% of peak oxygen uptake. The obese women participated in 16 weeks of aerobic training (3 times per week at 70% of maximum oxygen uptake). Total fat and carbohydrate oxidation were measured using indirect calorimetry. The respiratory exchange ratio (R) was similar between groups at rest and was found to decrease throughout the exercise session (P< 0.01). Fat oxidation was greater at 15 min of exercise than at rest (P<0.01) but did not increase significantly more at 30 min of exercise. Obese women had significantly greater fat oxidation (both absolute concentrations and when expressed per kg of fat free mass, FFM) at 30 min of exercise than the Non-Ob women [Non-Ob 23.5 (3.7) micromol.kg FFM(-1).min(-1), LBO 35.2 (3.1) micromol.kg FFM(-1).min(-1), UBO 33.2 (2.6) micromol.kg FFM(-1).min(-1); P<0.01]. Carbohydrate oxidation also increased (P < 0.01) in response to exercise, but no group differences were found. The pattern of fat distribution (LBO vs UBO) did not affect the resting or exercise fat oxidation (P=NS). Sixteen weeks of aerobic exercise did not result in significant changes in resting or exercise fat oxidation in the obese women (n = 10; P=NS), but did significantly increase carbohydrate oxidation [pretraining 8.6 (1.4) micromol.kg FFM(-1), post-training 13.6 (2.1) micromol.kg FFM(-1).min(-1); P<0.01]. Unlike earlier studies, this shorter-duration, higher-intensity exercise resulted in a greater whole-body fat oxidation in the obese women than in the Non-Ob women, and exercise training did not result in any changes in fat oxidation, but did increase exercise carbohydrate oxidation.
本研究的目的是检测瘦女性和肥胖女性在短时间高强度运动期间的底物氧化率，并研究一项为期16周的运动训练计划对瘦人和肥胖者在30分钟运动期间底物氧化的影响。在8名非肥胖（Non-Ob）、11名下半身肥胖（LBO）和12名上半身肥胖（UBO）女性静息状态及在以峰值摄氧量的70%进行30分钟跑步机运动期间，测量脂肪和碳水化合物氧化情况。肥胖女性参加了16周的有氧训练（每周3次，强度为最大摄氧量的70%）。使用间接测热法测量总脂肪和碳水化合物氧化。静息时各组间的呼吸交换率（R）相似，且在整个运动过程中下降（P<0.01）。运动15分钟时的脂肪氧化高于静息时（P<0.01），但在运动30分钟时未显著增加。肥胖女性在运动30分钟时的脂肪氧化（绝对浓度及以每千克去脂体重，FFM表示时）显著高于非肥胖女性[非肥胖组23.5（3.7）微摩尔·千克FFM（-1）·分钟（-1），下半身肥胖组35.2（3.1）微摩尔·千克FFM（-1）·分钟（-1），上半身肥胖组33.2（2.6）微摩尔·千克FFM（-1）·分钟（-1）；P<0.01]。碳水化合物氧化也因运动而增加（P<0.01），但未发现组间差异。脂肪分布模式（下半身肥胖组与上半身肥胖组）不影响静息或运动时的脂肪氧化（P=无显著性差异）。16周的有氧运动未使肥胖女性（n = 10；P=无显著性差异）静息或运动时的脂肪氧化发生显著变化，但显著增加了碳水化合物氧化[训练前8.6（1.4）微摩尔·千克FFM（-1），训练后13.6（2.1）微摩尔·千克FFM（-1）·分钟（-1）；P<0.01]。与早期研究不同，这种较短时间、较高强度的运动使肥胖女性全身脂肪氧化高于非肥胖女性，且运动训练未使脂肪氧化发生任何变化，但增加了运动时的碳水化合物氧化。
