Gilmour M I, Daniels M, McCrillis R C, Winsett D, Selgrade M K
Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Aug;109 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):619-22. doi: 10.1289/ehp.01109s4619.
Studies in animals have shown that a wide range of airborne particulates including cigarette smoke, acid aerosols, metals, organic compounds, and combustion products can interfere with the normal defense processes of the lung to enhance susceptibility to respiratory infection or exacerbate allergic diseases. Such detrimental effects are less easy to quantify in humans because of the difficulties in obtaining comprehensive exposure history and health status in large populations and because of the inherent dangers of inducing disease in clinical studies. In this article we describe examples of how air pollutants affect lung disease in experimental animal systems. This information can be used to predict the health risk of simple and complex exposures and to lend insight into the mechanisms of air pollution toxicity.
对动物的研究表明，包括香烟烟雾、酸性气溶胶、金属、有机化合物和燃烧产物在内的多种空气传播颗粒物会干扰肺部的正常防御过程，从而增加呼吸道感染的易感性或加重过敏性疾病。由于在大量人群中获取全面的接触史和健康状况存在困难，以及在临床研究中诱发疾病存在内在风险，这些有害影响在人类中较难量化。在本文中，我们描述了空气污染物如何在实验动物系统中影响肺部疾病的实例。这些信息可用于预测简单和复杂接触的健康风险，并深入了解空气污染毒性的机制。
