Larsson G, Bohlin A B, Tunell R
Arch Dis Child. 1985 Apr;60(4):316-21. doi: 10.1136/adc.60.4.316.
Forty children exposed to variable amounts of alcohol in utero and 40 control children were studied. All mothers had been enrolled in an antenatal programme aiming to identify and reduce alcohol use and abuse during pregnancy. Follow up was at the median age of 22 (18 to 27) months. A significant reduction in intrauterine growth was seen in children born to alcoholic mothers. Three of six children continuously exposed to high amounts of alcohol throughout fetal life showed growth retardation and physical abnormalities characteristic of fetal alcohol exposure, while infants whose mothers had stopped drinking did not suffer these effects. Psychological or behavioural disturbances were found in all but one of 13 children born to alcoholic mothers. The home environment during the first two years did not compensate for the effects of fetal alcohol exposure. Mothers classified as excessive drinkers but not abusers all reduced their alcohol consumption after the first trimester. Their children did not differ from controls with regard to physical development or behaviour but many were retarded in speech and, in addition had a more unstable family background.
对40名子宫内接触不同量酒精的儿童和40名对照儿童进行了研究。所有母亲均参加了一项旨在识别和减少孕期酒精使用及滥用的产前项目。随访时间为22（18至27）个月的中位数年龄。酗酒母亲所生儿童的宫内生长显著减少。在整个胎儿期持续接触大量酒精的6名儿童中有3名出现生长发育迟缓以及胎儿酒精暴露特有的身体异常，而其母亲已戒酒的婴儿则未出现这些影响。在酗酒母亲所生的13名儿童中，除1名外，其余儿童均发现有心理或行为障碍。头两年的家庭环境并不能弥补胎儿酒精暴露的影响。被归类为过度饮酒但并非酗酒者的母亲在孕早期过后均减少了酒精摄入量。她们的孩子在身体发育或行为方面与对照组没有差异，但许多孩子存在语言发育迟缓的问题，此外，家庭背景也更不稳定。
