Webster D W, Vernick J S, Hepburn L M
Center for Injury Research and Policy, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-1996, USA.
Inj Prev. 2001 Sep;7(3):184-9. doi: 10.1136/ip.7.3.184.
To determine the association between licensing and registration of firearm sales and an indicator of gun availability to criminals.
Tracing data on all crime guns recovered in 25 cities in the United States were used to estimate the relationship between state gun law categories and the proportion of crime guns first sold by in-state gun dealers.
In cities located in states with both mandatory registration and licensing systems (five cities), a mean of 33.7% of crime guns were first sold by in-state gun dealers, compared with 72.7% in cities that had either registration or licensing but not both (seven cities), and 84.2% in cities without registration or licensing (13 cites). Little of the difference between cities with both licensing and registration and cities with neither licensing nor registration was explained by potential confounders. The share of the population near a city that resides in a neighboring state without licensing or registration laws was negatively associated with the outcome.
States with registration and licensing systems appear to do a better job than other states of keeping guns initially sold within the state from being recovered in crimes. Proximity to states without these laws, however, may limit their impact.
确定枪支销售许可与登记和犯罪分子获取枪支指标之间的关联。
利用美国25个城市中所有追回的犯罪枪支追踪数据，来估计州枪支法律类别与本州枪支经销商首次销售的犯罪枪支比例之间的关系。
在实行强制登记和许可制度的州的城市（5个城市），平均33.7%的犯罪枪支是由本州枪支经销商首次销售的，相比之下，实行登记或许可但非两者都有的城市（7个城市）这一比例为72.7%，没有登记或许可的城市（13个城市）这一比例为84.2%。实行许可和登记的城市与既无许可也无登记的城市之间的差异，几乎没有被潜在混杂因素所解释。城市附近居住在没有许可或登记法律的毗邻州的人口比例与结果呈负相关。
实行登记和许可制度的州似乎比其他州在防止本州首次销售的枪支在犯罪中被追回方面做得更好。然而，靠近没有这些法律的州可能会限制其效果。
