Federn E
Rev Int Hist Psychanal. 1989;2:441-8.
The relationship between Freud and Paul Federn, which lasted over an exceptionally long period of time (35 years), has been neglected for two major reasons: the departure of the latter for the United States in 1938 and the absence of any biographer. Long considered as a dissident, he was ignored by analytic circles (including Jones, Freud's biographer), partly because of his position in favor of the training of nonmedical analysts. A pioneer in the field of mental health and the application of psychoanalysis to social problems, he strove to transform psychoanalysis into an instrument for social and political change, thus remaining faithful to his socialist convictions.
弗洛伊德与保罗·费德恩之间持续了极长一段时间（35年）的关系，一直因两个主要原因而被忽视：后者于1938年前往美国，以及缺乏任何传记作者。长期以来，他被视为持不同政见者，遭到了分析界（包括弗洛伊德的传记作者琼斯）的忽视，部分原因是他支持非医学分析师培训的立场。作为心理健康领域以及将精神分析应用于社会问题的先驱，他努力将精神分析转变为一种推动社会和政治变革的工具，从而始终坚守自己的社会主义信念。
