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The organization of the Russian army medical services at the Pleven area during the Liberation war (1877-78) is analyzed. Assessment is made from the viewpoint of the international character of the war, the peculiarities of conducting the fighting activities in the Balkan battlefields, the forms of fighting employed in this war, the strategical position of Pleven and the structure of the anticipated medical casualties at that time. The experience gained from the study of medical assistance of the Russian army is stressed; according to the author it continues to be valid.