Kuwahara M, Frick J
Andrologia. 1975;7(1):1-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.1975.tb01220.x.
The effects of ligation of the vas deferens, the corpus epididymis and the vasa efferentia on spermatozoa and testicular morphology were studied in sexually mature rats. Following the ligation of the vas deferens, headless and immotile spermatozoa were observed on the second day in the vas deferens. Decapitation occured in more than ninty per cent of the spermatozoa on the sixth day and the motility became almost zero. On the contrary, in the epididymis normal spermatozoa were observed for a relatively long period. Even three weeks after the vas ligation, more than ninty per cent of spermatozoa showed normal morphology. Spermatic cyst formation was observed so early as four days following ligation of the vas. By the third week cysts were observed in most rats, either unilaterally or bilaterally. In addition, ligation of the corpus epididymis resulted also in the formation of a spermatic cyst on the proximal site of the ligature. A strong correlation was observed between spermatic cyst formation and the occurrence of morphological changes in the testis, as well as the motility and the normality of spermatozoa. When the spermatic cyst was formed, the testis showed almost normal morphology for a long period as well as spermatozoa in the ductal system. When a spermatic cyst was not formed, degenerative changes took place promptly and abnormal spermatozoa were observed in the ductal system. These observations suggest that the seminiferous tubules may be very sensitivie to the increase in intratubular pressure and in such instances the spermatic cyst acts as a "shock absorber" to prevent the abnormal increase of pressure within the ductal system, especially the seminiferous tubules. In addition, the result suggests further that a need for caution and careful follow-up are necessary in the vasectomized man.
在性成熟大鼠中研究了输精管、附睾体和输出小管结扎对精子及睾丸形态的影响。输精管结扎后第二天，在输精管中观察到无头且无活力的精子。第六天时，超过90%的精子发生断头现象，活力几乎降为零。相反，在附睾中，正常精子可在相对较长时间内被观察到。即使在输精管结扎三周后，仍有超过90%的精子呈现正常形态。早在输精管结扎后四天就观察到了精液囊肿的形成。到第三周时，大多数大鼠单侧或双侧出现囊肿。此外，附睾体结扎也会在结扎近端部位形成精液囊肿。精液囊肿的形成与睾丸形态变化、精子活力及正常性之间存在很强的相关性。当形成精液囊肿时，睾丸在很长一段时间内呈现几乎正常的形态，管道系统中的精子也是如此。当未形成精液囊肿时，退化性变化迅速发生，在管道系统中可观察到异常精子。这些观察结果表明，生精小管可能对管内压力升高非常敏感，在这种情况下，精液囊肿起到“减震器”的作用，以防止管道系统尤其是生精小管内压力异常升高。此外，该结果进一步表明，对接受输精管切除术的男性需要谨慎并进行仔细的随访。
