McLennan J D, Kotelchuck M, Cho H
Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Nov;40(11):1316-23. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200111000-00012.
To examine the prevalence, persistence, and correlates of depressive symptoms in mothers of toddlers in a nationally representative sample.
The self-report components of two linked databases were used for this study, the 1988 National Maternal and Infant Health Survey and the 1991 Longitudinal Followup. Depressive symptoms of 7,537 mothers were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) at both time points. Weighted bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the stability of maternal depressive symptoms across two time points and maternal and child predictors of elevated depressive symptoms.
Twenty-four percent of mothers at time 1 (mean child age 17 months) and 17% at time 2 (mean child age 35 months) had elevated depressive symptoms (CES-D score > or =16). Thirty-six percent of those with elevated scores at time 1 also had elevated scores at time 2. Not having breast-fed, a mistimed or unwanted pregnancy, and poor child health status were related to elevated depressive symptoms but not persistence.
Elevated depressive symptoms are common in mothers of toddlers. Given the potential magnitude of need, a systematic clinical and public health approach may be required.
在一个具有全国代表性的样本中，研究学步儿童母亲抑郁症状的患病率、持续情况及其相关因素。
本研究使用了两个相关联数据库的自我报告部分，即1988年全国母婴健康调查和1991年纵向随访。在两个时间点，均采用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）对7537名母亲的抑郁症状进行测量。采用加权双变量和多变量分析来评估母亲抑郁症状在两个时间点的稳定性，以及母亲和儿童因素对抑郁症状加重的预测作用。
在时间1（孩子平均年龄17个月）时，24%的母亲有抑郁症状加重情况（CES-D评分≥16）；在时间2（孩子平均年龄35个月）时，这一比例为17%。在时间1时评分升高的母亲中，36%在时间2时评分也升高。未进行母乳喂养、意外怀孕或非意愿怀孕以及孩子健康状况不佳与抑郁症状加重有关，但与症状持续无关。
学步儿童母亲中抑郁症状加重的情况很常见。鉴于潜在的巨大需求，可能需要采取系统的临床和公共卫生方法。
