McKean K S, Baum J D, Sloper K
Arch Dis Child. 1975 Mar;50(3):165-70. doi: 10.1136/adc.50.3.165.
A survey is reported of infant feeding practice at the time of discharge from a single maternity ward. It is shown that a change in the attitude of nursing staff increased the number of mothers breast feeding their infants and eliminated the practice of giving the infants formula feed complements. This change in attitude, however, did nothing to prevent the rapid decline in lactation after leaving hospital, such that 50% of mothers discharged breast feeding were no longer doing so by 2 months. The early introduction of solid feeds was common practice, 50% of mothers discharged breast feeding having introduced mixed feeds within 2 months. Successful lactation was found to be commoner in those mothers who had themselves been breast fed in infancy and in mothers from socioeconomic classes I and II. Successful lactation was not related to parity. The survey also shows the influential role of the health visitor, district nurse, and midwife upon mothers' decisions about infant feeding.
本文报道了对某单一产科病房出院时婴儿喂养情况的一项调查。结果显示，护理人员态度的转变增加了母乳喂养婴儿的母亲数量，并杜绝了给婴儿喂配方奶补充剂的做法。然而，这种态度的转变并未能阻止出院后泌乳量的迅速下降，以至于出院时进行母乳喂养的母亲中有50%在两个月后不再进行母乳喂养。过早添加固体食物是常见做法，出院时进行母乳喂养的母亲中有50%在两个月内就开始了混合喂养。研究发现，那些在婴儿期接受过母乳喂养的母亲以及来自社会经济阶层I和II的母亲成功泌乳的情况更为常见。成功泌乳与胎次无关。该调查还显示了健康访视员、社区护士和助产士在母亲关于婴儿喂养决策方面的影响作用。
