Metzger M H, Goldberg M, Chastang J F, Leclerc A, Zins M
INSERM U 88, Hôpital National de Saint-Maurice, 14 Rue du Val d'Osne F-94415, Saint-Maurice Cedex, France.
J Clin Epidemiol. 2002 Jan;55(1):48-59. doi: 10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00409-7.
The objective of this study was to examine factors associated with self-reporting of chronic health problems. The self-reports were obtained from a questionnaire sent by mail to the French GAZEL cohort, composed of workers of a French company. The disorders reported in the questionnaire were compared with diagnoses from the sick-leave database of the company. Associations between self-reporting and characteristics were studied by multiple logistic regression analyses. Three types of characteristics were analyzed: individual, methodological and disorder-related (i.e., prevalence of chronic disorders in the general population, probable disability and probable life risk scores). In 1992, the cohort consisted of 16,534 subjects aged 38 to 53 years. The reporting rate (number of self-reports in the questionnaire divided by number of records in the sick-leave database for the disorder considered) varied from 8.9% to 100%. Self-reporting was associated with individual characteristics (gender, family status, place of residence, annual number of sick days and sick leaves), disorder-related characteristics (probable disability, prevalence) and methodological characteristics (precision of the formulation, delay between the last sick-day and the patient report). By body system, the characteristics associated with self-reporting varied greatly but the annual number of sick days, probable disability and precision of formulation were the variables which remained most often in the models. These characteristics should be particularly taken into consideration in the interpretation of epidemiological results based on self-reporting.
本研究的目的是调查与慢性健康问题自我报告相关的因素。自我报告是通过邮寄问卷从法国GAZEL队列中获得的，该队列由一家法国公司的员工组成。问卷中报告的疾病与该公司病假数据库中的诊断结果进行了比较。通过多重逻辑回归分析研究了自我报告与特征之间的关联。分析了三种类型的特征：个体特征、方法学特征和疾病相关特征（即一般人群中慢性疾病的患病率、可能的残疾和可能的生命风险评分）。1992年，该队列由16534名年龄在38至53岁之间的受试者组成。报告率（问卷中的自我报告数量除以病假数据库中所考虑疾病的记录数量）从8.9%到100%不等。自我报告与个体特征（性别、家庭状况、居住地点、每年病假天数和病假次数）、疾病相关特征（可能的残疾、患病率）和方法学特征（表述的精确性、最后一个病假日期与患者报告之间的时间间隔）相关。按身体系统分类，与自我报告相关的特征差异很大，但每年病假天数、可能的残疾和表述的精确性是模型中最常出现的变量。在解释基于自我报告的流行病学结果时，应特别考虑这些特征。
