Goossens L
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Center for Developmental Psychology, Belgium.
J Adolesc. 2001 Dec;24(6):681-99. doi: 10.1006/jado.2001.0438.
The present study explored the potential usefulness of global identity statuses (ideological identity) as opposed to domain-specific statuses (occupation, religion, politics) using self-report measures rather than identity interviews. A total of 339 college students from two colleges in Belgium (Europe) completed both the Extended Objective Measure of Ego-Identity Status (EOM-EIS) and the Dellas Identity Status Inventory - Occupation, Religious Beliefs, Political Ideology (DISI-ORP). Four types of evidence argued in favour of domain-specific statuses (i.e. low convergence in identity status across domains, moderate convergence between global and domain-specific identity statuses, significant gender differences in domain-specific but not in global identity statuses, and significant associations between identity process and identity content in congruent but not in incongruent domains). In line with earlier research using identity status interviews, it was concluded that adolescent identity is not to be considered a unitary construct and the use of domain-specific identity statuses is recommended whenever possible. Theoretical implications of the findings are discussed in terms of adolescents' temporal spacing of identity concerns. Finally, the limitations of identity questionnaires (additive approach to global identity statuses) are pointed out. Identity interviews (indicative approach to global statuses) can yield a very different picture of identity.
本研究探讨了使用自我报告测量而非身份访谈，相较于特定领域身份状态（职业、宗教、政治），全球身份状态（意识形态身份）的潜在有用性。来自比利时（欧洲）两所大学的339名大学生完成了自我认同状态扩展客观测量（EOM - EIS）和德拉斯身份状态量表——职业、宗教信仰、政治意识形态（DISI - ORP）。四类证据支持特定领域身份状态（即不同领域身份状态的低趋同性、全球与特定领域身份状态之间的适度趋同性、特定领域身份状态存在显著性别差异而全球身份状态不存在、身份过程与身份内容在一致领域而非不一致领域存在显著关联）。与早期使用身份状态访谈的研究一致，得出结论：青少年身份不应被视为一个单一结构，建议尽可能使用特定领域身份状态。研究结果的理论意义从青少年身份关注的时间间隔方面进行了讨论。最后，指出了身份问卷（全球身份状态的累加方法）的局限性。身份访谈（全球状态的指示性方法）可能会产生截然不同的身份图景。
