Li Lingjun, Pulver Stefan R, Kelley Wayne P, Thirumalai Vatsala, Sweedler Jonathan V, Marder Eve
Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 2002 Mar 12;444(3):227-44. doi: 10.1002/cne.10139.
The orcokinins are a family of neuropeptides recently isolated from several crustacean species. We found orcokinin-like immunoreactivity in the stomatogastric nervous systems and pericardial organs of three decapod crustacean species, Homarus americanus, Cancer borealis, and Panulirus interruptus. The neuropil of the stomatogastric ganglion was stained in adults of all three species as well as in embryonic and larval H. americanus. In H. americanus, the somata giving rise to this projection were found in the inferior ventricular nerve. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry mass profiling and sequencing with postsource decay led to the identification of six different orcokinin family peptides, including those previously described in other decapods and two novel shorter peptides. Application of exogenous [Ala(13)]orcokinin to the stomatogastric ganglion of H. americanus resulted in changes in the pyloric rhythm. Specifically, the number of lateral pyloric (LP) neuron spikes/burst decreased, and the phase of firing of the pyloric neurons was altered. Together, these data indicate that the orcokinins are likely to function as modulators of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion.
促肌动蛋白激肽是最近从几种甲壳类动物中分离出来的一类神经肽。我们在三种十足目甲壳类动物，即美洲螯龙虾、北方黄道蟹和断沟龙虾的口胃神经系统和围心器官中发现了促肌动蛋白激肽样免疫反应性。在这三种物种的成体以及美洲螯龙虾的胚胎和幼体中，口胃神经节的神经纤维网都被染色。在美洲螯龙虾中，产生这种投射的胞体位于心室下神经。基质辅助激光解吸/电离质谱分析和源后衰变测序导致鉴定出六种不同的促肌动蛋白激肽家族肽，包括先前在其他十足目中描述的那些以及两种新的较短肽。将外源性[丙氨酸(13)]促肌动蛋白激肽应用于美洲螯龙虾的口胃神经节会导致幽门节律发生变化。具体而言，外侧幽门(LP)神经元的尖峰/爆发次数减少，幽门神经元的放电相位改变。总之，这些数据表明促肌动蛋白激肽可能作为甲壳类口胃神经节的调节剂发挥作用。
