Bayley Mark, Junge Mette, Baatrup Erik
Department of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
Aquat Toxicol. 2002 Mar;56(4):227-39. doi: 10.1016/s0166-445x(01)00210-7.
It has been thoroughly established that the fungicide vinclozolin and the persistent DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE, can function as antiandrogens in mammals in a manner similar to the therapeutic antiandrogen flutamide. In mammals, these chemicals bind the androgen receptor and prevent the transcription of the associated genes causing abnormal sexual development and demasculinization. There are few similar studies in fish and so far it has not been demonstrated that these chemicals have any antiandrogenic effects in this group. In the present study, juvenile guppies (Poecilia reticulata) were fed sublethal doses of vinclozolin, p,p'-DDE or flutamide from birth to adulthood. At sexual maturity, we measured a suite of male sexual characteristics that are known to be under androgen control. All three chemicals caused a reduction in the orange display coloration, inhibited gonopodium development, reduced the sperm count and suppressed courtship behaviour, in a manner consistent with antiandrogen action. Only the gonodosomatic index was unaffected by the treatments. In addition, the three chemicals skewed the sex ratio at adulthood and caused delayed maturation. The altered characters are all considered to be important for male mating success and their impairment indicates that antiandrogens may seriously compromise male reproductive fitness.
已经充分证实，杀菌剂乙烯菌核利和持久性滴滴涕代谢物p,p'-二氯二苯二氯乙烯，在哺乳动物中可作为抗雄激素发挥作用，其作用方式与治疗性抗雄激素氟他胺类似。在哺乳动物中，这些化学物质会与雄激素受体结合，阻止相关基因的转录，从而导致异常的性发育和雄性特征丧失。在鱼类中，类似的研究较少，到目前为止，尚未证明这些化学物质对鱼类有任何抗雄激素作用。在本研究中，幼年孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）从出生到成年一直喂食亚致死剂量的乙烯菌核利、p,p'-二氯二苯二氯乙烯或氟他胺。在性成熟时，我们测量了一系列已知受雄激素控制的雄性性特征。所有这三种化学物质都导致橙色展示颜色减少、抑制生殖足发育、精子数量减少并抑制求偶行为，其方式与抗雄激素作用一致。只有性腺体指数不受这些处理的影响。此外，这三种化学物质在成年时使性别比例发生偏差，并导致成熟延迟。这些改变的特征都被认为对雄性交配成功很重要，它们的受损表明抗雄激素可能会严重损害雄性生殖适应性。
