Cornelis Guy R
Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP) and Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Med Microbiol. 2002 Feb;291(6-7):455-62. doi: 10.1078/1438-4221-00153.
The Yop virulon is an integrated system allowing extracellular Yersinia adhering at the surface of a target cell to inject an array of bacterial effectors into the eukaryotic cytosol. It consists of a type III secretion apparatus, called the Ysc injectisome and an array of proteins secreted by this apparatus, called Yops. The injectisome is made of about 25 Ysc proteins. The proximal part of the injectisome resembles the basal body of the flagellum while the most distal part is made of a secretin and a small needle protruding from the bacterial surface. Three of the Yops, namely YopB, YopD and LcrV, are required for the translocation of the others across the target cell membrane. They form some kind of a pore in the target cell membrane. Four Yop effectors, YopE, YopT, YpkA and YopH disturb the cytoskeleton dynamics by targeting monomeric GTPases of the Rho family. YopP downregulates the onset of the inflammatory response by blocking the NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways. Strong arguments indicate that it is a SUMO protease. Finally, YopM has been shown to travel to the nucleus of the target cell.
Yop毒力蛋白分泌系统是一个整合系统，它能使细胞外的耶尔森氏菌附着在靶细胞表面，进而将一系列细菌效应蛋白注入真核细胞胞质溶胶中。它由一个被称为Ysc注射体的III型分泌装置以及由该装置分泌的一系列蛋白质（称为Yop蛋白）组成。注射体由大约25种Ysc蛋白构成。注射体的近端部分类似于鞭毛的基体，而最远端部分由一个分泌素和一根从细菌表面伸出的小针组成。其他Yop蛋白要穿过靶细胞膜进行转运需要三种Yop蛋白，即YopB、YopD和LcrV。它们在靶细胞膜上形成某种孔道。四种Yop效应蛋白YopE、YopT、YpkA和YopH通过作用于Rho家族的单体GTP酶来扰乱细胞骨架动力学。YopP通过阻断NF-κB和MAPK信号通路来下调炎症反应的起始。有力证据表明它是一种SUMO蛋白酶。最后，已证实YopM能进入靶细胞的细胞核。
