Tanabe Hideyuki, Müller Stefan, Neusser Michaela, von Hase Johann, Calcagno Enzo, Cremer Marion, Solovei Irina, Cremer Christoph, Cremer Thomas
Department of Biology II-Human Genetics, University of Munich, Richard Wagner Strasse 10, 80333 München, Germany.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 2;99(7):4424-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.072618599.
We demonstrate that the nuclear topological arrangement of chromosome territories (CTs) has been conserved during primate evolution over a period of about 30 million years. Recent evidence shows that the positioning of chromatin in human lymphocyte nuclei is correlated with gene density. For example, human chromosome 19 territories, which contain mainly gene-dense and early replicating chromatin, are located toward the nuclear center, whereas chromosome 18 territories, which consist mainly of gene-poor and later replicating chromatin, is located close to the nuclear border. In this study, we subjected seven different primate species to comparative analysis of the radial distribution pattern of human chromosome 18- and 19-homologous chromatin by three-dimensional fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our data demonstrate that gene-density-correlated radial chromatin arrangements were conserved during higher-primate genome evolution, irrespective of the major karyotypic rearrangements that occurred in different phylogenetic lineages. The evolutionarily conserved positioning of homologous chromosomes or chromosome segments in related species supports evidence for a functionally relevant higher-order chromatin arrangement that is correlated with gene-density.
我们证明，在大约3000万年的时间里，染色体区域（CTs）的核拓扑排列在灵长类动物进化过程中一直保持保守。最近的证据表明，人类淋巴细胞核中染色质的定位与基因密度相关。例如，主要包含基因密集且早期复制染色质的人类19号染色体区域位于核中心附近，而主要由基因贫乏且后期复制染色质组成的18号染色体区域则位于靠近核边界的位置。在本研究中，我们通过三维荧光原位杂交对七个不同的灵长类物种进行了人类18号和19号同源染色质径向分布模式的比较分析。我们的数据表明，在高等灵长类动物基因组进化过程中，与基因密度相关的径向染色质排列是保守的，而不考虑不同系统发育谱系中发生的主要核型重排。相关物种中同源染色体或染色体片段在进化上保守的定位支持了与基因密度相关的功能相关高阶染色质排列的证据。
