Gerber Mariette, Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine, Hercberg Serge, Riboli Elio, Scalbert Augustin, Siess Marie-Hélène
Inserm-CRLC, Groupe d'épidémiologie métabolique, Val-d'Aurelle, 34298 Montpellier Cedex 05.
Bull Cancer. 2002 Mar;89(3):293-312.
Epidemiological studies performed during the last 20 years support an inverse relationship between the individual intake of fruits and vegetables and the risk of cancer. In taking into account some recent conflicting data, a working group of the Nacre network, the French Network for Food and Cancer Research, has conduced a critical analysis of epidemiological and experimental studies, including the preliminary data from the Epic cohort, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, to clarify the role of fruits and vegetables to prevent cancer. To date, a high intake of fruits and vegetables (at least, 400 g per day) is appropriate to lower the risk of cancer. Fruits and vegetables provide numerous phytochemicals which, in part, may explain their beneficial effect. Thus, studies in animal models and in cell-culture systems have furnished a lot of information about the potential mechanism by which a diet high in fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of cancer in humans. However, more investigation in the identification of the biologically active constituents, in the knowledge of their availability and the mechanism by which they contribute to lower the risk of cancer, will increase the scientific support of a public health policy.
过去20年进行的流行病学研究支持个人水果和蔬菜摄入量与癌症风险之间存在反比关系。考虑到最近一些相互矛盾的数据，法国食品与癌症研究网络Nacre网络的一个工作组对流行病学和实验研究进行了批判性分析，包括来自欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查（Epic队列）的初步数据，以阐明水果和蔬菜在预防癌症中的作用。迄今为止，高摄入量的水果和蔬菜（至少每天400克）有助于降低患癌风险。水果和蔬菜提供了多种植物化学物质，这在一定程度上可以解释它们的有益作用。因此，动物模型和细胞培养系统的研究提供了大量信息，说明富含水果和蔬菜的饮食可能降低人类患癌风险的潜在机制。然而，在确定生物活性成分、了解其可利用性以及它们降低癌症风险的机制方面进行更多研究，将增加对公共卫生政策的科学支持。
