Boehm G, Lidestri M, Casetta P, Jelinek J, Negretti F, Stahl B, Marini A
Numico Research Germany, Friedrichsdorf, Germany.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2002 May;86(3):F178-81. doi: 10.1136/fn.86.3.f178.
The establishment of a balanced intestinal microflora which may protect against infection is desirable for the preterm infant.
To investigate the effect of a preterm formula milk supplement consisting of oligosaccharides in similar proportions to human milk on the faecal flora and stool characteristics of preterm infants.
To resemble the effect of human milk, an oligosaccharide mixture consisting of 90% galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% fructo-oligosaccharides was used to supplement a standard preterm formula at a concentration of 10 g/l. This supplemented formula was studied in 15 preterm infants, and the results were compared with those found in 15 infants fed a formula supplemented with maltodextrin as placebo. A group fed fortified mother's milk was investigated as a reference group (n = 12). On four days during a 28 day feeding period (1, 7, 14, and 28), the faecal flora was investigated, and stool characteristics, growth, and possible side effects were recorded.
During the study period, the number of bifidobacteria in the group fed the oligosaccharide supplemented formula increased to the upper range of bifidobacteria counts in the reference group. The difference between the supplemented and non-supplemented groups was highly significant (p = 0.0008). The stool characteristics were also influenced by the supplement: the stool frequency after 28 days was significantly lower in the control group than in the oligosaccharide supplemented group (p = 0.0079) and the reference group (p < 0.0001). Over the study period, the stool consistency in the control group became harder, but remained fairly stable in the other two groups. There was no effect of the different diets on the incidence of side effects (crying, regurgitation, vomiting) or on weight gain or length gain.
Supplementing preterm formula with a mixture of galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides at a concentration of 10 g/l stimulates the growth of bifidobacteria in the intestine and results in stool characteristics similar to those found in preterm infants fed human milk. Therefore prebiotic mixtures such as the one studied may help to improve intestinal tolerance to enteral feeding in preterm infants.
建立一种可能预防感染的平衡肠道微生物群对早产儿来说是理想的。
研究一种由与母乳比例相似的低聚糖组成的早产儿配方奶补充剂对早产儿粪便菌群和粪便特征的影响。
为模拟母乳的效果，使用一种由90%低聚半乳糖和10%低聚果糖组成的低聚糖混合物，以10 g/l的浓度补充标准早产儿配方奶。对15名早产儿使用这种补充配方奶进行研究，并将结果与15名喂食补充麦芽糖糊精作为安慰剂的配方奶的婴儿的结果进行比较。将一组喂食强化母乳的婴儿作为参照组进行研究（n = 12）。在28天的喂养期内的4天（第1、7、14和28天），对粪便菌群进行研究，并记录粪便特征、生长情况和可能的副作用。
在研究期间，喂食补充低聚糖配方奶的组中双歧杆菌数量增加到参照组双歧杆菌计数的上限范围。补充组和未补充组之间的差异非常显著（p = 0.0008）。补充剂也影响了粪便特征：28天后对照组的排便频率显著低于低聚糖补充组（p = 0.0079）和参照组（p < 0.0001）。在研究期间，对照组的粪便稠度变硬，但在其他两组中保持相当稳定。不同饮食对副作用（哭闹、反流、呕吐）的发生率或体重增加或身长增加没有影响。
以10 g/l的浓度用低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖混合物补充早产儿配方奶可刺激肠道中双歧杆菌的生长，并产生与喂食母乳的早产儿相似的粪便特征。因此，像本研究中所使用的益生元混合物可能有助于提高早产儿对肠内喂养的肠道耐受性。
