Peckover Sue
Department of Community, Ageing, Rehabilitation, Education and Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
J Adv Nurs. 2002 May;38(4):369-77. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02197.x.
This paper draws on the notion of disciplinary power developed by Michel Foucault to discuss whether the professional practices inherent in British health visiting can be understood in terms of support or surveillance.
The notion of disciplinary power embedded within Foucault's writings has been widely applied to the sociological analysis of health care professions. While a number of studies have focused on nursing practice, there has been little empirical work developing these ideas in the context of British health visiting.
A qualitative approach using interviews with 24 health visitors and 16 women who had experienced domestic violence was used. For reasons of confidentiality, the women were not matched to the health visitors. Data analysis was continuous with data collection and led to identification of a number of categories. The theoretical framework of feminist poststructuralism underpinned the analysis.
The women who participated in this research described their engagement in a number of disciplinary practices. These included the discursive production of themselves as good mothers, subjects and objects of the health visiting gaze, as well as their practices of resistance to health visiting work. Analysis of the health visitors' interview data provided further evidence concerning the exercise of disciplinary power in their everyday work of providing support and health care to women and children.
The paper highlights tensions within the health visitor's role between welfare and surveillance, as well as differences between lay and professional perspectives.
本文借鉴米歇尔·福柯提出的规训权力概念，探讨英国健康访视中固有的专业实践能否从支持或监督的角度来理解。
福柯著作中所蕴含的规训权力概念已被广泛应用于医疗保健专业的社会学分析。虽然有一些研究聚焦于护理实践，但在英国健康访视背景下拓展这些观点的实证研究却很少。
采用定性研究方法，对24名健康访视员和16名曾遭受家庭暴力的女性进行访谈。出于保密原因，这些女性与健康访视员未进行匹配。数据分析与数据收集同步进行，从而确定了若干类别。女性主义后结构主义的理论框架为该分析提供了支撑。
参与本研究的女性描述了她们参与的一些规训实践。这些包括将自己话语建构为好母亲、健康访视凝视的主体和客体，以及她们对健康访视工作的抵抗实践。对健康访视员访谈数据的分析为她们在日常工作中向妇女和儿童提供支持及医疗保健时行使规训权力提供了进一步证据。
本文强调了健康访视员角色在福利与监督之间的紧张关系，以及外行与专业视角之间的差异。
