McCarty Catherine A, Taylor Hugh R
Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia.
Dev Ophthalmol. 2002;35:21-31. doi: 10.1159/000060807.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and there are currently no strategies to prevent it. The aim of this paper is to review the epidemiologic evidence linking ultraviolet (UV) radiation and cataract.
Published epidemiologic research articles on UV and cataract were reviewed against the epidemiologic criteria for causality: biological plausibility, strength of the association, specificity, experimental evidence, temporal sequence of events, dose-response relationship, and consistency.
The majority of the 22 epidemiologic studies reviewed met most of the epidemiologic criteria for causality and support an association between UV-B and the development of cortical cataract and perhaps posterior subcapsular cataract.
The epidemiologic data justify the implementation of public health campaigns to raise public awareness of the risk of cortical cataract due to ocular UV-B exposure. Future researchers should be careful to avoid potential bias by measuring personal ocular UV exposure and by quantifying cataract carefully.
背景/目的：白内障是全球最常见的致盲原因，目前尚无预防策略。本文旨在综述将紫外线（UV）辐射与白内障联系起来的流行病学证据。
对照因果关系的流行病学标准，对已发表的关于紫外线与白内障的流行病学研究文章进行综述：生物学合理性、关联强度、特异性、实验证据、事件的时间顺序、剂量反应关系和一致性。
所综述的22项流行病学研究中的大多数符合因果关系的大多数流行病学标准，并支持紫外线B与皮质性白内障以及可能的后囊下白内障的发生之间存在关联。
流行病学数据证明开展公共卫生运动以提高公众对眼部暴露于紫外线B导致皮质性白内障风险的认识是合理的。未来的研究人员应通过测量个人眼部紫外线暴露量和仔细量化白内障来避免潜在的偏差。
