Soubani Ayman O, Chandrasekar Pranatharthi H
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Chest. 2002 Jun;121(6):1988-99. doi: 10.1378/chest.121.6.1988.
Aspergillus is a ubiquitous fungus that causes a variety of clinical syndromes in the lung, ranging from aspergilloma in patients with lung cavities, to chronic necrotizing aspergillosis in those who are mildly immunocompromised or have chronic lung disease. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a severe and commonly fatal disease that is seen in immunocompromised patients, while allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus antigens that mainly affects patients with asthma. In light of the increasing risk factors leading to IPA, such as organ transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy, and recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Aspergillus-related lung diseases, it is essential for clinicians to be familiar with the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and approach to management of the spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis.
曲霉菌是一种广泛存在的真菌，可在肺部引发多种临床综合征，从肺空洞患者的曲霉菌球，到轻度免疫功能低下或患有慢性肺病患者的慢性坏死性曲霉菌病。侵袭性肺曲霉菌病（IPA）是一种严重且通常致命的疾病，见于免疫功能低下的患者，而变应性支气管肺曲霉菌病是对曲霉菌抗原的一种超敏反应，主要影响哮喘患者。鉴于导致IPA的危险因素不断增加，如器官移植和免疫抑制治疗，以及曲霉菌相关肺部疾病诊断和治疗方面的最新进展，临床医生熟悉肺曲霉菌病谱系的临床表现、诊断方法和管理方法至关重要。
