de Leon Jose, Diaz Francisco J, Rogers Thea, Browne Debra, Dinsmore Lori
University of Kentucky Mental Health Research Center at Eastern State Hospital, 627 West Fourth St., Lexington, KY 40508, USA.
Schizophr Res. 2002 Jul 1;56(1-2):47-54. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00217-1.
This study replicates, using more refined methodology, the indications of prior studies that patients with schizophrenia show a greater frequency of tobacco smoking than patients with mood disorders. The sample included 66 patients with schizophrenia and 51 patients with a mood disorder who were admitted at a state hospital in Kentucky. The control group included 404 community subjects. Ever daily smoking was studied using logistic regression. Survival analyses of age of onset of daily smoking (AODS) were performed controlling for several variables including education level. Nicotine dependence was measured with a scale. The prevalence of ever and current daily smoking was respectively 92 and 83% for patients with schizophrenia, 78 and 65% for patients with mood disorders, and 47 and 26% for controls. Before the age of 20, the three populations appear to have a similar risk of smoking initiation. However, after the age of 20, the initiation rate of daily smoking for patients with schizophrenia was higher than in patients with a mood disorder, or controls. Among daily smokers, there were no differences in nicotine dependence between patients with schizophrenia and those with a mood disorder. Schizophrenia was associated with a greater probability of ever daily smoking than mood disorders and with higher rates of initiation of daily smoking after 20 years old.
本研究采用更精细的方法，重复了先前研究的结果，即精神分裂症患者吸烟的频率高于心境障碍患者。样本包括66名精神分裂症患者和51名心境障碍患者，他们均入住肯塔基州的一家州立医院。对照组包括404名社区受试者。采用逻辑回归分析每日吸烟情况。对每日吸烟起始年龄（AODS）进行生存分析，并对包括教育水平在内的多个变量进行控制。使用量表测量尼古丁依赖程度。精神分裂症患者既往每日吸烟和当前每日吸烟的患病率分别为92%和83%，心境障碍患者分别为78%和65%，对照组分别为47%和26%。在20岁之前，这三类人群开始吸烟的风险似乎相似。然而，在20岁之后，精神分裂症患者每日吸烟的起始率高于心境障碍患者或对照组。在每日吸烟者中，精神分裂症患者和心境障碍患者在尼古丁依赖方面没有差异。与心境障碍相比，精神分裂症与既往每日吸烟的可能性更大以及20岁后每日吸烟的起始率更高有关。
