Ahlberg Shari W, Sharps Matthew J
Department of Psychology, California State University, Fresno 93740-0011, USA.
J Genet Psychol. 2002 Jun;163(2):211-8. doi: 10.1080/00221320209598678.
This study was performed after the tradition of F. C. Bartlett (1932), who demonstrated that memory reconfigures over time. The authors investigated the memory of young and older adults to examine the degree to which the aging process influences reconfigurative tendencies. From an initial sample of 53 participants, 20 young and 19 older adults completed 6 tests of recall for Bartlett's original text materials over an 84-day period. Consistent with the broad conclusions of Bartlett's study, reconfiguration was observed: Both young and older adults introduced errors into memory. Older adult recall was lower overall than that of young adults, and recall performance diminished over time. However, there was no difference between the performances of young and older adults with respect to incorrectly recalled intrusive elements.
本研究是按照F. C. 巴特利特（1932年）的传统进行的，他证明了记忆会随着时间的推移而重新构建。作者调查了年轻人和老年人的记忆，以检验衰老过程对重新构建倾向的影响程度。在最初的53名参与者样本中，20名年轻人和19名老年人在84天的时间里完成了对巴特利特原始文本材料的6次回忆测试。与巴特利特研究的广泛结论一致，观察到了重新构建：年轻人和老年人都会在记忆中引入错误。老年人的总体回忆率低于年轻人，并且回忆表现随着时间的推移而下降。然而，在错误回忆的侵入性元素方面，年轻人和老年人的表现没有差异。
