Gambaryan A, Webster R, Matrosovich M
M.P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, P/O Institute of Poliomyelitis, Moscow, Russia.
Arch Virol. 2002 Jun;147(6):1197-208. doi: 10.1007/s00705-002-0796-4.
H5, H7, and H9 subtype influenza viruses in land-based poultry often differ from viruses of wild aquatic birds by deletions in the stalk of the neuraminidase, by the presence of additional carbohydrates on the hemagglutinin, and by occasional changes in the receptor specificity. To test whether these differences could reflect distinctions between the virus receptors in different avian species, we compared the binding of duck, chicken and human influenza viruses to cell membranes and gangliosides from epithelial tissues of duck, chicken and African green monkey. Human viruses bound to cell membranes of monkey and chicken but not to those of duck, suggesting that chicken cells unlike duck cells contain Sia(alpha2-6)Gal-terminated receptors recognized by human viruses. Duck virus bound to gangliosides with short sugar chains that were abundant in duck intestine. Human and chicken viruses did not bind to these gangliosides and bound more strongly than duck virus to gangliosides with long sugar chains that were found in chicken intestinal and monkey lung tissues. Our data suggest that the spectrum of sialylglycoconjugates which can serve as influenza virus receptors in chicken is more similar to the spectrum of receptors in the respiratory epithelia of monkey than to that in the epithelial tissues of duck. This notion could explain the recent emergence of avian H9N2 virus lineage with human virus-like receptor specificity and emphasizes the role of the chicken as a potential intermediate host for the transmission of viruses from aquatic birds to humans.
陆基家禽中的H5、H7和H9亚型流感病毒通常与野生水禽病毒不同，其神经氨酸酶柄部存在缺失、血凝素上存在额外的碳水化合物，并且受体特异性偶尔会发生变化。为了测试这些差异是否能反映不同禽类物种中病毒受体的区别，我们比较了鸭、鸡和人流感病毒与鸭、鸡和非洲绿猴上皮组织的细胞膜和神经节苷脂的结合情况。人病毒与猴和鸡的细胞膜结合，但不与鸭的细胞膜结合，这表明鸡细胞与鸭细胞不同，含有被人病毒识别的以唾液酸α2-6半乳糖结尾的受体。鸭病毒与鸭肠道中丰富的短糖链神经节苷脂结合。人和鸡病毒不与这些神经节苷脂结合，并且比鸭病毒更强烈地与鸡肠道和猴肺组织中发现的长糖链神经节苷脂结合。我们的数据表明，鸡中可作为流感病毒受体的唾液酸糖缀合物谱与猴呼吸道上皮中的受体谱比与鸭上皮组织中的受体谱更相似。这一观点可以解释最近出现的具有类似人病毒受体特异性的禽H9N2病毒谱系，并强调了鸡作为病毒从水禽传播给人类的潜在中间宿主的作用。
