Itoh Kosuke
Kyoto University, Japan.
Primates. 2002 Jul;43(3):249-61. doi: 10.1007/BF02629652.
Since the earliest periods of primatology study, researchers have been aware of animals' consistent individual differences in behavior or personality. Many papers have been published on this subject, but they lacked a common theoretical and methodological background. The present work is an attempt to provide such theoretical and methodological foundations to this field of biological science. In the theoretical formulation section, "biological study of personality" is first derived as an extension of the ethology paradigm, and non-human primate personality research is subsequently characterized as its strategic component. In the methodology section, brief reviews and discussions are presented on subjective and objective personality assessment methods with non-human primates with a reference to the reliability and validity concepts in human psychometrics. The work provides a theoretical framework and methodological suggestions for non-human primate personality research.
自灵长类动物学研究的早期阶段以来，研究人员就已经意识到动物在行为或个性方面存在持续的个体差异。关于这个主题已经发表了许多论文，但它们缺乏共同的理论和方法背景。目前的工作旨在为这一生物科学领域提供这样的理论和方法基础。在理论阐述部分，“个性的生物学研究”首先作为动物行为学范式的延伸而推导出来，随后非人类灵长类动物的个性研究被视为其战略组成部分。在方法部分，参照人类心理测量学中的信度和效度概念，对非人类灵长类动物的主观和客观个性评估方法进行了简要回顾和讨论。这项工作为非人类灵长类动物的个性研究提供了一个理论框架和方法建议。
