Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.
Developmental Psychobiology Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver.
Am J Primatol. 1983;4(3):253-260. doi: 10.1002/ajp.1350040304.
Personality ratings of ten adolescent pig-tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were carried out by three experienced observers who used a simple three-point rating system. A modification of Stevenson-Hinde & Zunz's [1978] procedure, the agreement between raters on each of 21 traits was evaluated. When correlated with social rank, it was shown that dominant animals were rated as being, for example, confident, effective, and opportunistic. Subordinant monkeys were rated as insecure and dependent. Rank correlated negatively, however, with observers' impressions of popularity. Subjects who had undergone a brief maternal separation were rated as less sociable than their nonseparated counterparts. Furthermore, rank-related traits corresponded well with the three personality components that were derived by Stevenson-Hind & Zunz [1978]; this suggested that clusters of traits reliably accompanied and/or contributed to the attainment of social rank.
三位经验丰富的观察者对 10 只青春期长尾猕猴（Macaca nemestrina）进行了人格评定，他们使用了简单的三分评级系统。对 Stevenson-Hinde & Zunz [1978] 程序的修改，评估了每个 21 个特征的评级者之间的一致性。当与社会等级相关联时，结果表明，优势动物被评定为自信、有效和机会主义等特征。从属猴子则被评定为不安全和依赖。然而，等级与观察者的受欢迎程度印象呈负相关。经历过短暂母婴分离的被试者比未经历过母婴分离的被试者被评定为社交能力较差。此外，与等级相关的特征与 Stevenson-Hind & Zunz [1978] 得出的三个人格成分非常吻合；这表明特征群可靠地伴随着和/或有助于获得社会等级。
