Chaloupka Frank J, Grossman Michael, Saffer Henry
Department of Economics, Health Research and Policy Centers, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Alcohol Res Health. 2002;26(1):22-34.
The most fundamental law of economics links the price of a product to the demand for that product. Accordingly, increases in the monetary price of alcohol (i.e., through tax increases) would be expected to lower alcohol consumption and its adverse consequences. Studies investigating such a relationship found that alcohol prices were one factor influencing alcohol consumption among youth and young adults. Other studies determined that increases in the total price of alcohol can reduce drinking and driving and its consequences among all age groups; lower the frequency of diseases, injuries, and deaths related to alcohol use and abuse; and reduce alcohol-related violence and other crime.
经济学最基本的法则将一种产品的价格与该产品的需求联系起来。因此,预计酒精货币价格的上涨(即通过提高税收)会降低酒精消费及其不良后果。调查这种关系的研究发现,酒精价格是影响青少年和青年酒精消费的一个因素。其他研究表明,酒精总价格的上涨可以减少所有年龄组的酒后驾车及其后果;降低与酒精使用和滥用相关的疾病、伤害和死亡频率;减少与酒精相关的暴力和其他犯罪。