Yamakoshi Jun, Saito Makoto, Kataoka Shigehiro, Tokutake Shoichi
Research and Development Division, Kikkoman Corporation, 399 Noda, Noda City, Chiba 278-0037, Japan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Aug 14;50(17):4983-8. doi: 10.1021/jf0201632.
Antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids have been reported to prevent the progression of experimentally induced cataracts. However, little is known of the effect of procyanidins, a powerful antioxidant, on cataract formation. This paper investigates the anticataract activity of grape seed extract (GSE, which contains 38.5% procyanidins) in hereditary cataractous rats (ICR/f rats). The ICR/f rats were fed a standard diet containing 0 or 0.213% GSE [0.082% procyanidins in the diet (w/w)] for 27 days. The GSE significantly prevented and postponed development of cataract formation by evaluation of slit lamp observations of the rats' eyes. Lens weight and malondialdehyde concentration in the lens and plasma cholesteryl ester hydroperoxide (ChE-OOH) level induced by CuSO4 were significantly lower in the GSE group compared with the control group. The rats were also fed for 14 days either the diet containing 0.085% procyanidin dimer to tetramer fraction (0.085% as the procyanidins), the diet containing 0.090% procyanidin pentamer to heptamer fraction (0.085% as the procyanidins), or the diet containing 0.093% procyanidin oligomers more than decamer fraction (0.085% as the procyanidins). The ChE-OOH levels in the procyanidin pentamer to heptamer and procyanidin oligomers more than decamer groups were significantly lower than in the procyanidin dimer to tetramer group. These results suggested that procyanidins and their antioxidative metabolites prevented the progression of cataract formation by their antioxidative action. The larger molecular procyanidins in the GSE might contribute this anticataract activity.
据报道，抗氧化剂如维生素C、维生素E和类胡萝卜素可预防实验性诱导白内障的进展。然而，对于强大的抗氧化剂原花青素对白内障形成的影响却知之甚少。本文研究了葡萄籽提取物（GSE，含有38.5%原花青素）对遗传性白内障大鼠（ICR/f大鼠）的抗白内障活性。将ICR/f大鼠喂食含0或0.213% GSE[饮食中含0.082%原花青素（w/w）]的标准饮食27天。通过裂隙灯观察大鼠眼睛评估发现，GSE显著预防并延缓了白内障的形成。与对照组相比，GSE组大鼠晶状体重量、晶状体丙二醛浓度以及由硫酸铜诱导的血浆胆固醇酯氢过氧化物（ChE-OOH）水平显著降低。大鼠还分别喂食含0.085%原花青素二聚体至四聚体部分（以原花青素计为0.085%）、含0.090%原花青素五聚体至七聚体部分（以原花青素计为0.085%）或含0.093%原花青素十聚体以上低聚物部分（以原花青素计为0.085%）的饮食14天。原花青素五聚体至七聚体组和原花青素十聚体以上低聚物组的ChE-OOH水平显著低于原花青素二聚体至四聚体组。这些结果表明，原花青素及其抗氧化代谢产物通过其抗氧化作用预防了白内障形成的进展。GSE中较大分子的原花青素可能有助于这种抗白内障活性。
