Judge Timothy A, Bono Joyce E, Ilies Remus, Gerhardt Megan W
Department of Management, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-7165, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2002 Aug;87(4):765-80. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.765.
This article provides a qualitative review of the trait perspective in leadership research, followed by a meta-analysis. The authors used the five-factor model as an organizing framework and meta-analyzed 222 correlations from 73 samples. Overall, the correlations with leadership were Neuroticism = -.24, Extraversion = .31, Openness to Experience = .24, Agreeableness = .08, and Conscientiousness = .28. Results indicated that the relations of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness with leadership generalized in that more than 90% of the individual correlations were greater than 0. Extraversion was the most consistent correlate of leadership across study settings and leadership criteria (leader emergence and leadership effectiveness). Overall, the five-factor model had a multiple correlation of .48 with leadership, indicating strong support for the leader trait perspective when traits are organized according to the five-factor model.
本文对领导力研究中的特质观点进行了定性综述，随后进行了一项元分析。作者使用五因素模型作为组织框架，对来自73个样本的222个相关性进行了元分析。总体而言，与领导力的相关性分别为：神经质=-0.24，外向性=0.31，经验开放性=0.24，宜人性=0.08，尽责性=0.28。结果表明，神经质、外向性、经验开放性和尽责性与领导力的关系具有普遍性，因为超过90%的个体相关性大于0。外向性是跨研究环境和领导力标准（领导者出现和领导效能）中与领导力最一致的相关因素。总体而言，五因素模型与领导力的多重相关性为0.48，表明当特质按照五因素模型进行组织时，对领导者特质观点有强有力的支持。
